In the time of King Matthias Corvinus, the Ottoman Empire was much smaller than it had been during the reign of King Lajos (Louis) II. In fact, it was half the size in Matthias’ time, while the economic power of the Ottomans was only about a third of what it had been in Selim’s time. After the death of Matthias, the Jagiellonian kings spent the kingdom’s money on the welfare of the country, and the mighty Black Army, Europe’s first standing army, was disbanded.

In 1512, the military strength of Hungary was just enough to withstand the combined military power of the Ottoman sanjaks and vilayets on the other side of the border. Not to mention the rapid development of the quality of the Ottoman army, which became better and more up-to-date than the armies of contemporary Europe. Its training, equipment, artillery, and logistics were far ahead of the Western armies by the end of the 15 Years’ War in 1606. Here is more about the Long War aka the 15-Year-War (1591/93-1606):

https://www.hungarianottomanwars.com/chronologie/the-fifteen-year-war-series-1591-1606/

The difference in effectiveness between the western and eastern warfare became seriously visible only after the Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648), but as for 1512, the Ottomans were still in a better situation. Knowing this, the Hungarian Borderland warriors faced a real threat when the Ottoman armies attacked the southern line of fortresses in October 1512. The enemy attacked from several directions, trying to split the Hungarian southern defense system. Although one of the Ottoman armies was defeated, they managed to isolate the Hungarian armies from each other.

The Bosnian Turkish troops managed to hinder the army of Palatine Perényi Imre in Slavonia. Another Ottoman army attacked the Temesköz, a flat region bordered by the Tisza, Maros, and Danube rivers and divided by the Temes River, located in present-day Hungary, Serbia, and Romania. Meanwhile, the main Ottoman army successfully conquered the Banate of Szrebernik, which had been part of Hungary since 1404. It was famous for its rich silver mines. After taking it, the enemy also took the castles of Tessány and Szokol. It was possible because the Hungarian units were isolated in the Temes Banate, in the Croatian-Slavonian Banate, and the army of Szapolyai János, Voivode of Transylvania, could not come to interfere either.

On May 17, 1526, King Lajos II issued a document praising the military deeds of Perneszy Ferenc. According to this, the young nobleman fought at Illádia in 1512 when he was only 16 years old. Perneszy literally grew up on the battlefields of the Borderland, and at Illádia he fought more bravely than any other adult. He was wounded in the right hand. Later he fought in the Borderland and was one of the brave but few defenders of Belgrade / Nándorfehérvár in 1521. The enemy captured him alive and even the Sultan wanted to see him. According to the legend, he was released because of his bravery. However, we know that the survivors of the siege were slaughtered by the Ottomans, so this legend is quite unlikely. (But the question remains, how could King Lajos have decorated him in 1526 if Perneszy was not alive?)

Sources: Szibler Gábor, Kiss Csaba, Papp Gergely