Selected Passages from Hungarian-Ottoman Wars between 1372-1699
Spreading Hungarian history
Fighting Misconceptions
Spreading Hungarian history
Social media and Hungarian history in English
Modern Ottoman propaganda
1372-1490
The Ottoman-Hungarian fights before the fall of Szendrő castle in 1439
Hunyadi at Szendrő, 1439
The rise of Hunyadi János to power, 1440-41
Hunyadi’s first large battle against the Turks, 1441
Hunyadi defeated two Ottoman armies, 1442
Hunyadi’s Long Campaign in 1443-44, part one
Hunyadi’s Long Campaign in 1443-44, part two
Hunyadi’s Long Campaign in 1443-44, part three
Várna, 1444: Were Hunyadi and the King oathbreakers? Part One
The road to Várna, 1444; Part Two
The Battle of Várna, 1444; Part Three
Battle of Kosovo Polje, 1448
Why can we hear the bells at noon? 1456
The Battle of Breadfield (Kenyérmező) 1479
1490-1541
A scene from the last days of Kőszeg’ s siege in 1532
1541-1699
1555: Pápa castle was attacked
When Ottomans attacked each other in Hungary, 1558
The adolescent murderers of Bey Ibrahim, 1559
1567: the heroic defenders of Felsővadász castle
October 1570: the Hungarian Borderland-warriors defeated the Ottomans at Alsóörs
Two young Turks who got lost at night, 1570
1575: the warriors of Kanizsa castle laid a trap
1575: the heroic last stand of the warriors of Fonyód castle
1577, a Christian defeat at Győr castle
1583: the Hungarian warriors of the Valiant Order of Trans-Danubian Region attack Koppány Castle
1587: Nádasdy Ferenc and Zrínyi György’s victory at Kacorlak
1588: the destruction of Endréd Palisade Castle
1598: Captain András Barcsai of Lugos Castle defeated Pasha Szulejmán of Temesvár
Prince Bocskai had his Hajdús settled, 12/12/1605
1658: Prince György Rákóczi II defeated the Ottoman army
1663: Zrínyi Péter defeated the Ottomans at Károlyváros
The letter of Zrínyi Miklós in 1664
18 November 1664: the death of Zrínyi Miklós aka Nicholas Zrínski
Turkish prisoners of war in Buda, 1686
1687: the Battle of Nagyharsány
Weapons
Armors and shields
The armors of Emperor and King Maximilian I and II
Armors in Topkapi Seray Museum
Turk shield
A chainmail from 1550
The Hungarian Hussar regiments of Cardinal Richelieu, 1635
A tombstone of an unknown knight
Hungarian Lobster Tail Helmets
The tombstone of Swabowszky György
Hussar masks
Swords and sabers
The sword of Charlemagne or the saber of Attila?
Ceremonial sword of the Dragon Order
Saber (Eastern style)
Polish Saber (Hungarian style)
Pallos
Hegyestőr / estoc / koncerz
a Transylvanian dagger, 1540
The saber of General Pálffy Miklós (1552-1600)
Firearms
Strange firearms
Saint Borbála and the cannons
Pistols, 16th century, Vienna
Pistols, 17th century (Vienna)
Bayonets in the Hungarian fights
Ottoman quiver, bows, and arrows
Maps
Map 1750
Essays
King Matthias Corvinus Series (1443-1490)
Origin of King Matthias Corvinus
Why is the Hungarian Renaissance not so well-known?
The beginning of King Matthias Reign
„Delirant Reges, plectunur Achivi” – The people pay for the foolishness of the kings
“Non licet in bello bis peccare”: You mustn`t commit the same fault twice in the war
Kinizsi Pál, general of King Matthias
The size of King Matthias` army
The fleet of King Matthias
Firearms in the Black Army
King Matthias at Boroszló (Wroclaw, Breslau)
The wealth of King Matthias
Was King Matthias related to Sultan Mohamed II ?
Members of the Valiant Order
Prince Bocskai István
A Hero of the Valiant Order: Varkocs Ferenc
General Schwendi in Royal Hungary, a German Hero
Pálffy Tamás (1534-1581), a Hungarian Hero
Hans Rueber von Püchsendorf (1529-1584)
Thorny Tamás, a Hungarian hero
Berenhidai Huszár Péter, a Hungarian Hero
A hero of Buda who was almost hanged
Bey Csonka: the Ottoman hero of Buda, 1686
Captain John Smith, a Hungarian nobleman
Balassi Ferenc
Batthyány Ferenc (1497-1566)
Andrew Gaudi, the Scot hero of Várad
János Zadorla, a Slovakian hero of Kassa
Magyar Bálint of Palona
A very short summary of Hungarian-Ottoman wars
Who were the Turks?
Who were the Germans?
Who were the Hungarians?
Who were the Székelys?
Who were the German Saxons in Transylvania?
Who were the Magyarabs?
Who were the Habáns, the Swiss immigrants fleeing to Hungary?
Scots on the battlefields of the „Hungaries”
The Borderland
Bey Sásvár, the renegade
Hungarian and other proverbs born during the Turk wars
Why don’t we like Sultan Suleiman?
Szepesség
The Mining Towns of Upper Hungary
The Hungarian Knights of the Golden Spur
Who was Oláh Miklós? (1493-1568)
Foreign mercenaries in Hungary
Ethnic changes in Hungary due to the Ottoman wars
The revolution of transportation: the “kocsi” (coach)
Catherine of Brandenburg, wife of Prince Bethlen
Dragoons in Hungary
Horses of Battle
Cavalry Charge and Melee
The value of Money
Salt: the white gold of Hungary
Hungarian Grey Cattle
The military education of Hunyadi János
Dramatized historical writings
Interview with Lord Báthory István
Interview with Count Zrínyi Miklós
Interview with Cardinal Pázmány Péter
Suleiman learns the plot of Queen Isabella
Lord Balassa’s victory at Szalka (1544)
The Siege of Drégely Castle (1552)
The Battle of Palást, 1552
The White Geese of Léva Castle (1664)
The Duel at Korpona’s Haversack Castle (1588)
Masterpieces of Art
Chalice,1462
Clasp (Transylvania)
Ceramics from the 15-17th centuries
The Renaissance bronze candlesticks in Hagia Sophia
Hidden treasure found at Likava Castle
The destruction of King Saint László’s statue
Toy Knights of King Louis II
Renaissance Tiles
Reenacting History
HEMA
Interview with Schunder László
Reenactor clubs
The Nádasdy Ferenc Banderium in Sárvár
Clothes and attire
Skirt and attached bodice, 17th century
Mente and Dolman: Hungarian attire
Corolla
The embroidery of Hungarian Lady dresses
Festivals and Tournaments
Videos
The Siege of Nándorfehérvár / Belgrade, 1456
Visegrád, royal palace
The Battle of Mohács, 1526
The Battle of Zenta, 1697
The Ottoman conquest in Europe
The reconquest wars of Hungary
Chronologies
General chronologies
Castles in the “Hungaries”
Transylvania
Alvinc
Alsórákos
Alsóbajom
Abafája
Asszonyfalva
Aranyosmeggyes
Almás / Váralmás castle
Barcarozsnyó castle and its fortified church
Baráthely, fortified church
Berethalom
Bálványos
Bonchida
Bethlenszentmiklós
Borosjenő
Bözödújfalu
Brassó
Bún
Csíkszenttamás
Csíkrákos
Csíkménaság
Csíkkarcfalva
Csíkdelne
Csíkszereda
Déva
Doboka
Élesd, Sólyomkővár
Erdőd (Ardud)
Feketehalom
Fogaras
Fületelke
Gelence
Gyalu
Gyergyószárhegy
Gyergyószentmiklós
Gyimesbükk
Gyulafehérvár
Hadad
Homoróddaróc
Jakabfalva
Karánsebes
Kelnek
Keresd
Keresztelőszentpál / Kerelőszentpál
Kereszténysziget
Kolozsvár
Küküllővár
Kőhalom
Lesses
Nagyvárad
Székelykeresztúr
Kingdom of Hungary
North
Alsómattyasóc
Ajnácskő
Alsómicsinye
Árva
Bajmóc
Bakabánya
Balogvár
Barkó
Bártfa
Bátorkő
Beckó, Bolondóc
Besztercebánya
Betlenfalva
Berencs
Boldogkő
Borsi
Borostyánkő (Ballenstein, Paistun)
Borostyánkő (Bernstein)
Bozók
Budatin
Csábrág
Csejte
Csicsva
Cseklész
Csetnek
Dévény
Divény
Diósgyőr
Detrekő castle and the Pálffy palace
Drégely
Eperjes
Érsekújvár
Felsőkubin
Felsővály
Fülek
Füzér
Garamszentbenedek
Gímes
Golop
Hajdúdorog
Hajdúnánás
(Hajdú)Szoboszló
Holics
Hollólomnic
Homonna
Huszt
Illava
Kálló
Kassa
Kékkő
Késmárk
Kisnána
Kisvárda
Komárom
Korlátkő
Korpona
Körmöcbánya
Krasznahorka and Betlér
Léva
Likava
West
Bozsok
Csobánc
Csesznek
Egervár
Fraknó
Győr Castle
Keszthely
Körmend
Kőszeg
Lánzsér
South
Babócsa
Csáktornya
Dobóc
Egerszeg, Zalaegerszeg
Felsőlendva
Hídvég
Kereki, Fehérkő castle
Komár
Ottoman Occupied Lands
Arad
Atya
Bács
Berzence
Boksánbánya, Boksa / Kövesd Castle
Buda
Buják
Bussa
Cegléd
Csanád
Csókakő
Csővár
Dédes
Döbrönte, Szarvaskő
Dunaföldvár
Dombóvár
Eger
Erdőd (Erdut)
Eszék
Esztergom
Fonyód
Galambóc
Gyula
Hatvan
Hollókő
Ipolydamásd
Ipolyság
Jajca
Kanizsa
Kaposvár
Kecskemét
Komlóska, Solymos castle
Lippa and Solymos
Szentlászlóvár
Szolnok Castle
Sources and recommended readings
Review: “As Only True Men Can: Nikola Zrinski’s Last Stand at Sziget”
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History Blog by Gábor Szántai
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Spreading Hungarian history
Fighting Misconceptions
Spreading Hungarian history
Social media and Hungarian history in English
Modern Ottoman propaganda
1372-1490
The Ottoman-Hungarian fights before the fall of Szendrő castle in 1439
Hunyadi at Szendrő, 1439
The rise of Hunyadi János to power, 1440-41
Hunyadi’s first large battle against the Turks, 1441
Hunyadi defeated two Ottoman armies, 1442
Hunyadi’s Long Campaign in 1443-44, part one
Hunyadi’s Long Campaign in 1443-44, part two
Hunyadi’s Long Campaign in 1443-44, part three
Várna, 1444: Were Hunyadi and the King oathbreakers? Part One
The road to Várna, 1444; Part Two
The Battle of Várna, 1444; Part Three
Battle of Kosovo Polje, 1448
Why can we hear the bells at noon? 1456
The Battle of Breadfield (Kenyérmező) 1479
1490-1541
A scene from the last days of Kőszeg’ s siege in 1532
1541-1699
1555: Pápa castle was attacked
When Ottomans attacked each other in Hungary, 1558
The adolescent murderers of Bey Ibrahim, 1559
1567: the heroic defenders of Felsővadász castle
October 1570: the Hungarian Borderland-warriors defeated the Ottomans at Alsóörs
Two young Turks who got lost at night, 1570
1575: the warriors of Kanizsa castle laid a trap
1575: the heroic last stand of the warriors of Fonyód castle
1577, a Christian defeat at Győr castle
1583: the Hungarian warriors of the Valiant Order of Trans-Danubian Region attack Koppány Castle
1587: Nádasdy Ferenc and Zrínyi György’s victory at Kacorlak
1588: the destruction of Endréd Palisade Castle
1598: Captain András Barcsai of Lugos Castle defeated Pasha Szulejmán of Temesvár
Prince Bocskai had his Hajdús settled, 12/12/1605
1658: Prince György Rákóczi II defeated the Ottoman army
1663: Zrínyi Péter defeated the Ottomans at Károlyváros
The letter of Zrínyi Miklós in 1664
18 November 1664: the death of Zrínyi Miklós aka Nicholas Zrínski
Turkish prisoners of war in Buda, 1686
1687: the Battle of Nagyharsány
Weapons
Armors and shields
The armors of Emperor and King Maximilian I and II
Armors in Topkapi Seray Museum
Turk shield
A chainmail from 1550
The Hungarian Hussar regiments of Cardinal Richelieu, 1635
A tombstone of an unknown knight
Hungarian Lobster Tail Helmets
The tombstone of Swabowszky György
Hussar masks
Swords and sabers
The sword of Charlemagne or the saber of Attila?
Ceremonial sword of the Dragon Order
Saber (Eastern style)
Polish Saber (Hungarian style)
Pallos
Hegyestőr / estoc / koncerz
a Transylvanian dagger, 1540
The saber of General Pálffy Miklós (1552-1600)
Firearms
Strange firearms
Saint Borbála and the cannons
Pistols, 16th century, Vienna
Pistols, 17th century (Vienna)
Bayonets in the Hungarian fights
Ottoman quiver, bows, and arrows
Maps
Map 1750
Essays
King Matthias Corvinus Series (1443-1490)
Origin of King Matthias Corvinus
Why is the Hungarian Renaissance not so well-known?
The beginning of King Matthias Reign
„Delirant Reges, plectunur Achivi” – The people pay for the foolishness of the kings
“Non licet in bello bis peccare”: You mustn`t commit the same fault twice in the war
Kinizsi Pál, general of King Matthias
The size of King Matthias` army
The fleet of King Matthias
Firearms in the Black Army
King Matthias at Boroszló (Wroclaw, Breslau)
The wealth of King Matthias
Was King Matthias related to Sultan Mohamed II ?
Members of the Valiant Order
Prince Bocskai István
A Hero of the Valiant Order: Varkocs Ferenc
General Schwendi in Royal Hungary, a German Hero
Pálffy Tamás (1534-1581), a Hungarian Hero
Hans Rueber von Püchsendorf (1529-1584)
Thorny Tamás, a Hungarian hero
Berenhidai Huszár Péter, a Hungarian Hero
A hero of Buda who was almost hanged
Bey Csonka: the Ottoman hero of Buda, 1686
Captain John Smith, a Hungarian nobleman
Balassi Ferenc
Batthyány Ferenc (1497-1566)
Andrew Gaudi, the Scot hero of Várad
János Zadorla, a Slovakian hero of Kassa
Magyar Bálint of Palona
A very short summary of Hungarian-Ottoman wars
Who were the Turks?
Who were the Germans?
Who were the Hungarians?
Who were the Székelys?
Who were the German Saxons in Transylvania?
Who were the Magyarabs?
Who were the Habáns, the Swiss immigrants fleeing to Hungary?
Scots on the battlefields of the „Hungaries”
The Borderland
Bey Sásvár, the renegade
Hungarian and other proverbs born during the Turk wars
Why don’t we like Sultan Suleiman?
Szepesség
The Mining Towns of Upper Hungary
The Hungarian Knights of the Golden Spur
Who was Oláh Miklós? (1493-1568)
Foreign mercenaries in Hungary
Ethnic changes in Hungary due to the Ottoman wars
The revolution of transportation: the “kocsi” (coach)
Catherine of Brandenburg, wife of Prince Bethlen
Dragoons in Hungary
Horses of Battle
Cavalry Charge and Melee
The value of Money
Salt: the white gold of Hungary
Hungarian Grey Cattle
The military education of Hunyadi János
Dramatized historical writings
Interview with Lord Báthory István
Interview with Count Zrínyi Miklós
Interview with Cardinal Pázmány Péter
Suleiman learns the plot of Queen Isabella
Lord Balassa’s victory at Szalka (1544)
The Siege of Drégely Castle (1552)
The Battle of Palást, 1552
The White Geese of Léva Castle (1664)
The Duel at Korpona’s Haversack Castle (1588)
Masterpieces of Art
Chalice,1462
Clasp (Transylvania)
Ceramics from the 15-17th centuries
The Renaissance bronze candlesticks in Hagia Sophia
Hidden treasure found at Likava Castle
The destruction of King Saint László’s statue
Toy Knights of King Louis II
Renaissance Tiles
Reenacting History
HEMA
Interview with Schunder László
Reenactor clubs
The Nádasdy Ferenc Banderium in Sárvár
Clothes and attire
Skirt and attached bodice, 17th century
Mente and Dolman: Hungarian attire
Corolla
The embroidery of Hungarian Lady dresses
Festivals and Tournaments
Videos
The Siege of Nándorfehérvár / Belgrade, 1456
Visegrád, royal palace
The Battle of Mohács, 1526
The Battle of Zenta, 1697
The Ottoman conquest in Europe
The reconquest wars of Hungary
Chronologies
General chronologies
Castles in the “Hungaries”
Transylvania
Alvinc
Alsórákos
Alsóbajom
Abafája
Asszonyfalva
Aranyosmeggyes
Almás / Váralmás castle
Barcarozsnyó castle and its fortified church
Baráthely, fortified church
Berethalom
Bálványos
Bonchida
Bethlenszentmiklós
Borosjenő
Bözödújfalu
Brassó
Bún
Csíkszenttamás
Csíkrákos
Csíkménaság
Csíkkarcfalva
Csíkdelne
Csíkszereda
Déva
Doboka
Élesd, Sólyomkővár
Erdőd (Ardud)
Feketehalom
Fogaras
Fületelke
Gelence
Gyalu
Gyergyószárhegy
Gyergyószentmiklós
Gyimesbükk
Gyulafehérvár
Hadad
Homoróddaróc
Jakabfalva
Karánsebes
Kelnek
Keresd
Keresztelőszentpál / Kerelőszentpál
Kereszténysziget
Kolozsvár
Küküllővár
Kőhalom
Lesses
Nagyvárad
Székelykeresztúr
Kingdom of Hungary
North
Alsómattyasóc
Ajnácskő
Alsómicsinye
Árva
Bajmóc
Bakabánya
Balogvár
Barkó
Bártfa
Bátorkő
Beckó, Bolondóc
Besztercebánya
Betlenfalva
Berencs
Boldogkő
Borsi
Borostyánkő (Ballenstein, Paistun)
Borostyánkő (Bernstein)
Bozók
Budatin
Csábrág
Csejte
Csicsva
Cseklész
Csetnek
Dévény
Divény
Diósgyőr
Detrekő castle and the Pálffy palace
Drégely
Eperjes
Érsekújvár
Felsőkubin
Felsővály
Fülek
Füzér
Garamszentbenedek
Gímes
Golop
Hajdúdorog
Hajdúnánás
(Hajdú)Szoboszló
Holics
Hollólomnic
Homonna
Huszt
Illava
Kálló
Kassa
Kékkő
Késmárk
Kisnána
Kisvárda
Komárom
Korlátkő
Korpona
Körmöcbánya
Krasznahorka and Betlér
Léva
Likava
West
Bozsok
Csobánc
Csesznek
Egervár
Fraknó
Győr Castle
Keszthely
Körmend
Kőszeg
Lánzsér
South
Babócsa
Csáktornya
Dobóc
Egerszeg, Zalaegerszeg
Felsőlendva
Hídvég
Kereki, Fehérkő castle
Komár
Ottoman Occupied Lands
Arad
Atya
Bács
Berzence
Boksánbánya, Boksa / Kövesd Castle
Buda
Buják
Bussa
Cegléd
Csanád
Csókakő
Csővár
Dédes
Döbrönte, Szarvaskő
Dunaföldvár
Dombóvár
Eger
Erdőd (Erdut)
Eszék
Esztergom
Fonyód
Galambóc
Gyula
Hatvan
Hollókő
Ipolydamásd
Ipolyság
Jajca
Kanizsa
Kaposvár
Kecskemét
Komlóska, Solymos castle
Lippa and Solymos
Szentlászlóvár
Szolnok Castle
Sources and recommended readings
Review: “As Only True Men Can: Nikola Zrinski’s Last Stand at Sziget”
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