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Selected Passages from Hungarian-Ottoman Wars
  • About Me
  • Castles in the “Hungaries”
    • Transylvania
      • Saxon and Székely fortified churches
        • Alsóbajom
        • Alsórákos
        • Asszonyfalva
        • Barcarozsnyó castle
        • Baráthely, fortified church
        • Berethalom
        • Csíkdelne
        • Csíkménaság
        • Csíkszenttamás
        • Csíkkarcfalva
        • Csíkrákos
        • Enyed / Nagyenyed
        • Feketehalom
        • Fületelke
        • Gelence
        • Homoróddaróc
        • Jakabfalva
        • Kelnek
        • Kereszténysziget
        • Lesses
        • Mese
        • Miklósvár
        • Prázsmár
        • Sárd
        • Sepsiszentgyörgy
        • Szászbogács
        • Szászfehéregyháza
        • Szászhermány
        • Szászkézd
        • Szászsebes
        • Székelyderzs
        • Szentágota
        • Visk
      • Alvinc
      • Abafája
      • Almás / Váralmás castle
      • Aranyosmeggyes
      • Bálványos
      • Bonchida
      • Bethlenszentmiklós
      • Borosjenő
      • Bözödújfalu
      • Brassó
      • Bún
      • Csíkszereda
      • Déva
      • Doboka
      • Élesd, Sólyomkővár
      • Erdőd (Ardud)
      • Fogaras
      • Gyalu
      • Gyergyószárhegy
      • Gyergyószentmiklós
      • Gyimesbükk
      • Gyulafehérvár
      • Hadad
      • Hunyad
      • Kankó / Ugocsa vár
      • Karánsebes
      • Keresd
      • Keresztelőszentpál / Kerelőszentpál
      • Királyházai Nyalábvár
      • Kolozsvár
      • Kovászó
      • Kőhalom
      • Küküllővár
      • Lugos
      • Marosillye
      • Marosvásárhely
      • Munkács
      • Nagybánya / Asszonypataka
      • Nagyszalonta
      • Nagyvárad
      • Nyírbátor
      • Nevicke
      • Radna and Óradna
      • Radnót
      • Regéc
      • Sárospatak
      • Sebesvár
      • Segesvár
      • Szatmár / Szatmárnémeti
      • Szentbenedek
      • Szeben and the Abbey of Kerc
      • Szerednye
      • Székelykeresztúr
      • Torda
      • Szelindek
      • Torockószentgyörgy
      • Törcsvár
      • Ungvár
    • Kingdom of Hungary
      • North
        • Abaújvár
        • Alsómattyasóc
        • Ajnácskő
        • Alsómicsinye
        • Árva
        • Bajmóc
        • Bakabánya
        • Balassagyarmat
        • Balogvár
        • Barkó
        • Bártfa
        • Beckó, Bolondóc
        • Besztercebánya
        • Betlenfalva
        • Berencsváralja
        • Boldogkőváralja
        • Borsi
        • Borostyánkő (Ballenstein, Paistun)
        • Borostyánkő (Bernstein)
        • Bozók
        • Budatin
        • Csábrág
        • Csejte
        • Cseklész
        • Csetnek
        • Csicsva
        • Dévény
        • Divény
        • Diósgyőr
        • Detrekő castle and the Pálffy palace
        • Drégely
        • Eperjes
        • Érsekújvár
        • Felsőkubin
        • Felsővály
        • Fülek
        • Füzér
        • Garamszentbenedek
        • Gímes
        • Golop
        • Hajdúdorog
        • Hajdúnánás
        • (Hajdú)Szoboszló
        • Holics
        • Hollólomnic
        • Homonna
        • Huszt
        • Illava
        • Kálló
        • Kassa
        • Kékkő
        • Késmárk
        • Kisnána
        • Kisvárda
        • Komárom
        • Korlátkő
        • Korpona
        • Körmöcbánya
        • Krasznahorka and Betlér
        • Léva
        • Likava
        • Lipótújvár
        • Lőcse
        • Murány
        • Nagybiccse
        • Nagyida
        • Nagykövesd
        • Nagyszombat
        • Nedec / Dunajec
        • Nógrád
        • Nyitra
        • Ólubló / Lubló
        • Ónod
        • Osgyán
        • Putnok
        • Revistye
        • Szabatkapuszta
        • Selmecbánya
        • Szádvár
        • Szanda
        • Szécsény
        • Szepesi vár
        • Szerencs
        • Szikszó
        • Szitnya
        • Szklabinya
        • Tarkő
        • Tiszolc
        • Tokaj
        • Torna
        • Trencsén
        • Zsolnalitva
        • Zemplén
        • Zólyom
        • Zólyomlipcse
        • Zsarnóca
      • West
        • Bozsok
        • Bakonyújvár / Bakonybél
        • Bátorkő
        • Csobánc
        • Csesznek
        • Devecser
        • Egervár
        • Fraknó
        • Győr Castle
        • Keszthely
        • Körmend
        • Kőszeg
        • Lánzsér
        • Mosonmagyaróvár
        • Nagyvázsony
        • Németújvár
        • Palota (Várpalota)
        • Pannonhalma
        • Pápa
        • Pozsony
        • Ugod
        • Rezi
        • Sárvár
        • Somló
        • Sopron
        • Sümeg
        • Szarvaskő (at Döbrönte)
        • Szigliget
        • Tata
        • Tihany
        • Várgesztes
        • Veszprém
        • Vitány
        • Vöröskő
      • South
        • Babócsa
        • Csáktornya
        • Dobóc
        • Egerszeg, Zalaegerszeg
        • Felsőlendva
        • Hídvég
        • Kereki, Fehérkő castle
        • Komár
        • Sziszek
        • Zalaszentgrót
    • Ottoman Occupied Lands
      • Arad
      • Atya
      • Bács
      • Berzence
      • Boksánbánya, Boksa / Kövesd Castle
      • Buda
      • Buják
      • Bussa
      • Cegléd
      • Csanád
      • Csókakő
      • Csővár
      • Dédes castle
      • Dunaföldvár
      • Döbrönte, Szarvaskő
      • Dombóvár
      • Eger
      • Erdőd (Erdut)
      • Hatvan
      • Eszék
      • Esztergom
      • Hollókő
      • Fonyód
      • Ipolydamásd
      • Galambóc
      • Ipolyság
      • Gyula
      • Jajca
      • Kanizsa
      • Kaposvár
      • Kecskemét
      • Komlóska, Solymos castle
      • Lippa and Solymos
      • Nándorfehérvár
      • Ozora
      • Pécs
      • Pécsvárad
      • Pest
      • Pétervárad
      • Pilisszentlélek and Klastrompuszta
      • Pozsega
      • Újlak
      • Rednek
      • Salgó
      • Siklós
      • Simontornya
      • Sirok
      • Somoskő
      • Szabács
      • Szalánkemén
      • Szarvas
      • Szarvaskői castle
      • Szeged
      • Székesfehérvár
      • Szentlászlóvár / Lászlóvára
      • Szigetvár
      • Szolnok Castle
      • Szörényvár
      • Temesvár
      • Vác
      • Valpó
      • Visegrád
      • Zimony
      • Zsámbék
  • Our Castles on the Map
  • Essays
    • Members of the Valiant Order
      • Balassi Bálint (1554-1594)
      • Prince Bocskai István
      • A Hero of the Valiant Order: Varkocs György
      • General Schwendi in Royal Hungary, a German Hero
      • Thorny Tamás, a Hungarian hero
      • Pálffy Tamás (1534-1581), a Hungarian Hero
      • Berenhidai Huszár Péter, a Hungarian Hero
      • Hans Rueber von Püchsendorf (1529-1584)
      • A hero of Buda who was almost hanged
      • Bey Csonka: the Ottoman hero of Buda, 1686
      • Captain John Smith, a Hungarian nobleman
      • Balassi Ferenc
      • Batthyány Ferenc (1497-1566)
      • Lord Perényi Péter, (1502– 1548) – Part One
      • Ferenc, the kidnapped son of Lord Perényi – Part Two
      • The Perényi-story, Part Three
      • Némethi Ferenc (1510-1565) and the wine of Tokaj
      • Andrew Gaudi, the Scot hero of Várad
      • Werbőczi Imre (1510s-1548)
      • Petár Berislavić / Beriszlói Péter (1475-1520)
      • General Tomori Pál (1475-1526)
      • Petar Kruzic / Krusics Péter (1491-1537)
      • János Zadorla, a Slovakian hero of Kassa
      • Peter Roussel of Burgundy (?-1577, Kassa)
      • Magyar Bálint of Palona
      • Gyulaffy László (c.1520-1579), the champion of the Borderland
      • The Lady with a hook-gun in Buzita Castle
      • Báthory István, King of Poland and Prince of Transylvania (1533-1586)
      • Nyáry Lőrinc and his son, Nyáry Pál
      • Gregoróczy Vince
      • Pasha Arszlán (Oroszlán) of Buda castle
      • Baron Nádasdy Tamás (1498-1562)
      • Count Nádasdy Ferenc, the Strong Black Bey (1555-1604)
      • Captain Thury György (cc1520-1571)
      • Thengöldi Bornemisza János (1520/30-1589)
      • Maróthy Mihály of Loós (?-1600)
      • Adolf von Schwarzenberg (1547-1600)
      • Kádár István and his Hajdú soldiers, 1658
      • Wathay Ferenc (1568- after 1609)
      • Rákóczi László (1633-1664)
      • Zrínyi Ádám (1662-1691)
      • Zrínyi Miklós, the poet and general (1620-1664)
    • King Matthias Corvinus Series (1443-1490)
      • The beginning of King Matthias’ Reign
      • Origin of King Matthias Corvinus
      • Was King Matthias related to Sultan Mohamed II ?
      • Firearms in the Black Army
      • King Matthias at Boroszló (Wroclaw, Breslau)
      • The wealth of King Matthias
      • King Matthias` duel with Holubar
      • Why is the Hungarian Renaissance not so well-known?
      • „Delirant Reges, plectunur Achivi” – The people pay for the foolishness of the kings
      • “this king loved his country”
      • “Non licet in bello bis peccare”: You mustn`t commit the same fault twice in the war
      • Kinizsi Pál, general of King Matthias
      • The size of King Matthias` army
      • The fleet of King Matthias
      • King Matthias Corvinus and England
    • Economy
      • The revolution of transportation: the “kocsi” (coach)
      • The Mining Towns of Upper Hungary
      • Salt: the white gold of Hungary
      • Hungarian Grey Cattle
      • The value of Money
    • Nations, peoples, ethnic groups
      • Who were the Turks?
      • Who were the Germans?
      • Who were the Hungarians?
      • Who are the Székelys?
      • Who were the German Saxons in Transylvania?
      • Who were the Habáns, the Swiss immigrants fleeing to Hungary?
      • Who were the Magyarabs?
    • Mercenaries, Western soldiers
      • Italians in the 15-Year-War in Hungary
      • Foreign mercenaries in Hungary
      • Scots on the battlefields of the „Hungaries”
    • The Hungarian Hajdú warriors
    • Cavalry
      • Dragoons in Hungary
      • Horses of Battle
      • Cavalry Charge and Melee
      • Horses in the Battle of Mohács
      • Hungarian Horse archers in the 17th century
      • The Hussar tournaments of Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria
    • Famous and Infamous People
      • Albrecht Dürer (1471 -1528) and Hungary
      • Who was Oláh Miklós? (1493-1568)
      • Lady Báthory Erzsébet (1560-1614)
      • Catherine of Brandenburg, wife of Prince Bethlen
      • The Zrínyi / Zrinski family and the Habsburgs
      • The peril of Demeter Jaksith – a legend from Szerémi`s Chronicle
      • Borbála, the true love of King Matthias
      • Szilágyi Mihály, the kingmaker
      • Palatine Báthory István (c 1480-1530)
      • Mayláth István, Voivode of Transylvania (1502-1550)
      • Baron Forgách Ferenc
      • Zsámboki János (Johannes Sambucus Pannonius) 1531-1584
      • Bey Sásvár, the renegade
      • King Habsburg Ferdinand I of Hungary and Bohemia (1503-1564)
      • King Szapolyai János (1487-1540)
      • Fráter György (Utišinović / Martinuzzi György) 1482-1551
      • Prince Rákóczi Zsigmond (1555-08/12/1608)
      • Prince Báthory Gábor of Transylvania (1589-1613)
      • Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania
      • Prince Rákóczi I György of Transylvania (ruled from 1630 to 1648)
      • Prince Barcsay Ákos of Transylvania (1610-1661)
      • Prince Kemény János of Transylvania (1607-1662)
      • Sultan Mehmed III (reigned between 1595 and 1603)
      • King Habsburg Rudolf of Hungary, Emperor of the HRE (1552-1612)
      • Zrínyi Ilona (1649-1703)
    • Why don’t we like Sultan Suleiman?
    • Types of soldiers in the “Hungaries” around 1600
    • Hungarian and other proverbs born during the Turk wars
    • The Ottoman concept of „Kizil Elma”, the „Golden / Red Apple”
    • The Hungarian Knights of the Golden Spur
    • Ethnic changes in Hungary due to the Ottoman wars
    • The military education of Hunyadi János
  • 1372-1490
    • The Ottoman-Hungarian fights before the fall of Szendrő castle in 1439
    • Hunyadi at Szendrő, 1439
    • The rise of Hunyadi János to power, 1440-41
    • Hunyadi’s first large battle against the Turks, 1441
    • Hunyadi defeated two Ottoman armies, 1442
    • Hunyadi’s Long Campaign in 1443-44, part one
    • Hunyadi’s Long Campaign in 1443-44, part two
    • Hunyadi’s Long Campaign in 1443-44, part three
    • Várna, 1444: Were Hunyadi and the King oathbreakers? Part One
    • The road to Várna, 1444; Part Two
    • The Battle of Várna, 1444; Part Three
    • Battle of Kosovo Polje, 1448
    • 1456, the heroic Siege of Nándorfehérvár (Belgrade)
    • 22 December 1476 The wedding of Matthias and Beatrix
    • Why can we hear the bells at noon? 1456
    • The Battle of Kenyérmező (Breadfield), 13 October 1479
    • General Magyar Balázs saves Otranto in 1481
    • The Doom of the Black Army after 1490
  • 1490-1541
    • Báthory István defeats the Ottomans at Illádia, 12 October 1512
    • 1521: the fall of Szabács, Zimony, and Nándorfehérvár castles
    • After 16 October 1522 Szapolyai, Voivode of Transylvania defeats the Turks in Wallachia
    • The Battle of Szávaszentdemeter, 1523
    • 29 August 1526: The Battle of Mohács
    • 13-15 September 1526, the Battle of Pusztamarót
    • 1527 Cserni (aka Black or Nenad) Jován’s uprising
    • 1527-28 The negotiations of Sir Lasky in Istanbul
    • 20 March 1528 The Battle of Szina
    • A scene from the last days of Kőszeg’ s siege in 1532
    • 19 September 1532, Pasha Kászim’s black day
    • 14 April 1533 Hieronym Laszky besieges Palota Castle
    • 21 October 1540: Leonhard von Fels besieges Buda
    • 20 July 1541 The fall of Fogaras castle
  • 1541-1606
    • 26 September 1542 The Siege of Pest began
    • 25 December 1545, the fall of Simontornya castle
    • 19 June 1547 the first Peace of Edirne / Drinápoly
    • 13 November 1550: Brother György defeats his enemies
    • 1551 “Virtus vulnere viret” – a bloody fight at Lippa castle
    • 1 March 1552 the Peril of Szeged and the Battle of Dorozsma
    • 1 June 1552 The fall of Veszprém castle
    • A general attack against Eger Castle on St. Michael’s Day, 1552
    • 1554: The Turks attack the castles of Tihany and Csobánc
    • 1555: Pápa castle was attacked
    • An old warrior’s challenge to a duel, 1555
    • The miracle at Görösgál, 1555
    • The siege of Szigetvár in 1556
    • 1556: The fight between “David and Goliath”
    • 25 November 1556 The Diet of Transylvania made Isabella Governor
    • When Ottomans attacked each other in Hungary, 1558
    • The adolescent murderers of Bey Ibrahim, 1559
    • 27 March 1562: the victory of Hassan, Bey of Fülek
    • 4 March 1562 The Battle of Hadad
    • 5 June 1566 The heroic defense of Palota castle
    • 1566 King János Zsigmond’s victory over the Crimean Tatars
    • 1566: three champions challenge Pasha Mustafa to a duel
    • 1567: the heroic defenders of Felsővadász castle
    • 13 January 1568: Freedom of religion was declared at the Diet of Torda
    • 17 February 1568 The Treaty of Edirne / Drinápoly
    • October 1570: the Hungarian Borderland-warriors defeated the Ottomans at Alsóörs
    • Two young Turks who got lost at night, 1570
    • 1571, the last stand of Captain Thury György
    • 6 February 1573: Attack on Szentgyörgyvár castle
    • 1575: the warriors of Kanizsa castle laid a trap
    • 1575: the heroic last stand of the warriors of Fonyód castle
    • 1577, a Christian defeat at Győr castle
    • The Hussars ambush the fair of Hatvan in 1580
    • 19 July 1580 The victory at Nádudvar
    • The warriors of Léva castle’s duel, on 1 May 1581
    • 1583: the Hungarian warriors of the Valiant Order of Trans-Danubian Region attack Koppány Castle
    • 1585: the duel of Olasz Gergely at Komárom Castle
    • 25 February 1587: The destruction of Koppány castle and the victory at Kacorlak
    • 1588: the destruction of Endréd Palisade Castle
    • 29 October 1588: the Hungarian warriors ambush Kékkő castle
    • A shameful duel in 1590
    • 18 November 1593; The armies of the Upper Land take Szabatka
    • November 21, 1593, The Hungarians defeated the Turks at Romhány
    • The adventure of a few Hajdú warriors at Vác, 1594
    • 1598: Captain András Barcsai of Lugos Castle defeated Pasha Szulejmán of Temesvár
    • Prince Bocskai had his Hajdús settled, 12/12/1605
  • 1606-1717
    • Bethlen defeats the usurper Homonnai-Drugeth at Dés, 1616
    • 20 December 1626: Prince Bethlen signed a truce with King Ferdinand II
    • 6 October 1636 Prince Rákóczi scatters the army of the Pasha of Temesvár at Nagyszalonta
    • 2 February 1642: The Raid at Igal
    • 26 June 1644 The Battle of Somos: Hungarian Transylvanians vs. Hungarians of Royal Hungary
    • 16 December 1645 Peace treaty in Linz between Rákóczi and Ferdinand
    • 1649 Pentecost: the Turks attacked the market of Egerszeg
    • 25-26 August 1652 The Battle of Vezekény
    • 30 April 1657 Batthyány Ádám’s raid at Zsámbék
    • 1657: the unlucky Polish war of Prince Rákóczi György II
    • 1658: Prince György Rákóczi II defeated the Ottoman army
    • The Battle of Szárhegy, 1658
    • 27 August 1660: The fall of Várad castle
    • 1660 The punishing war of Pasha Szejdi
    • 1660 The Battle of Szászfenes, the death of Prince Rákóczi György II
    • Zrínyi’s reply to Montecuccoli 1661
    • 23 January 1662 The Battle of Nagyszőlős, the Death of Prince Kemény
    • 1662: the adventure of 12 Hajdú warriors
    • 1663: Zrínyi Péter defeated the Ottomans at Károlyváros
    • The famous Winter Campaign of Zrínyi, 1664
    • The siege of Kanizsa castle, 28 April 1664
    • The Hajdú warriors in Zrínyi’s Winter Campaign in 1664
    • The last stand of Pölöske castle’s defenders, 22 July 1664
    • The letter of Zrínyi Miklós in 1664
    • 1 August 1664 The battle of Szentgotthárd / Saint Gotthard, and the peace of Vasvár
    • 18 November 1664: the death of Zrínyi Miklós aka Nikola Zrínski
    • The regulations of Regéc castle 1679
    • 23 April 1670 The Battle of Gombás and the Wesselényi Conspiration
    • 22 December 1671 Emperor Leopold dismissed his Hungarian soldiers
    • 14 September 1672 The “kuruc” rebels beat the Imperials at Enyicke
    • 12 September 1683 The Battle of Kahlenberg at Vienna
    • 7-9 October 1683 The Battle of Párkány
    • 10 July 1684 the Triumph at Szentendre
    • The Turk reinforcement was defeated at Érd, 1684 
    • The Battle of Tát, 16 August 1685
    • 2 September 1686 Buda Eliberata!
    • Turkish prisoners of war in Buda, 1686
    • 1687: the Battle of Nagyharsány
    • 17 January 1688 The fall of Munkács castle
    • 5 September 1688: The victory of Türkenluis at Derventa
    • The Battle of Zernyest: Thököly’s victory, 1690
    • 13 April 1690 The retaking of Kanizsa castle
    • The Triumph of Szalánkemén, the bloodiest battle of the century, 1691
    • The Battle of Lugos, 1695
    • 11 September 1697 The Battle of Zenta
    • 24 August 1717 The massacre in Szék, Transylvania
  • Spreading Hungarian history
    • Fighting Misconceptions
    • The Hungarians’ role before 1526
    • “Betwixt two heathens”: the Habsburgs and the Ottomans
    • Modern Ottoman propaganda
    • Social media and Hungarian history in English
    • The Hun is at the gate!
    • My Report on Spreading Hungarian History between 2016 and 2023
  • Weapons
    • Armors and shields
      • Armors in Topkapi Seray Museum
      • Armors and weapons in the Styrian Armory of Graz
      • The armors of Emperor and King Maximilian I and II, and the helmet of King Louis II of Hungary
      • Hussar Helmets on Display in 1896
      • Turk shields, helmets
      • A chainmail from 1550
      • The Hungarian Hussar regiments of Cardinal Richelieu, 1635
      • A tombstone of an unknown knight
      • Hungarian Lobster Tail Helmets
      • The tombstone of Swabowszky György
      • Hussar armor, masks, and shields
    • Swords and sabers
      • Pallos
      • The sword of Charlemagne or the saber of Attila?
      • Ceremonial sword of the Dragon Order
      • Hungarian sabers, 15th-17th century
      • Saber (Eastern style)
      • Polish Saber (Hungarian style)
      • Hegyestőr / estoc / koncerz
      • a Transylvanian dagger, 1540
      • Swords made by Thomas Kapustran
      • The saber of General Pálffy Miklós (1552-1600)
    • Firearms
      • Strange firearms
      • Saint Borbála and the cannons
      • Pistols, 16th century
      • Pistols, 17th century (Vienna)
      • Bayonets in the Hungarian fights
      • Ottoman quiver, bows, and arrows
    • War hammers, maces, and battle axes
  • Maps and Regions
    • The First Military Survey of Hungary (1780-84)
    • Map 1750
    • Szepesség
    • The Borderland
    • Transylvanian Principality: a vassal state of the Turks?
    • Fortified Churches in Transylvania
    • Subcarpathia / Kárpátalja
  • Dramatized historical writings
    • The Little Rooster’s Diamond Halfpenny
    • Interview with Count Zrínyi Miklós
    • Interview with Cardinal Pázmány Péter
    • Interview with Lord Báthory István
    • Suleiman learns the plot of Queen Isabella
    • Lord Balassa’s victory at Szalka (1544)
    • Interview with Captain Thury György, 1561
    • The Siege of Drégely Castle (1552)
    • The Battle of Palást, 1552
    • The Gypsy warriors of Nagyida Castle (1556)
    • The White Geese of Léva Castle (1664)
    • The Duel at Korpona’s Haversack Castle (1588)
    • The Battle of Szikszó (08 October 1588)
    • Mikszáth Kálmán: Hunyák Pál
    • The Heavenly Advocate By Kosztolányi Dezső (1920)
  • Masterpieces of Art
    • Chalices, goblets between the 15th and the 17th century
    • A few pieces of ornamented items and jewellery
    • Ceramics from the 15-17th centuries
    • The Renaissance bronze candlesticks in Hagia Sophia
    • Hungarian Medieval Saddles
    • Hidden treasure found at Likava Castle
    • The destruction of King Saint László’s statue
    • Toy Knights of King Louis II
    • Drinking vessels, 16th-17th century
    • Renaissance Tiles
    • Prince Bethlen’s gift to King Gustav Adolphus 
  • Reenacting History
    • Reenactor clubs
      • The Nádasdy Ferenc Banderium in Sárvár
      • The Matthias Rex Association / Mathias Rex Történelmi Hagyományőrző Egyesület
    • HEMA
      • Interview with Schunder László
    • Clothes and attire
      • Skirt and attached bodice, 17th century
      • The embroidery of Hungarian Lady dresses
      • Mente and Dolman: Hungarian attire
      • Corolla
  • Chronologies
    • General Chronology of Hungarian-Ottoman wars between 1552 and 1699
    • General chronologies 1366-1552
    • A very short summary of Hungarian-Ottoman wars
  • The Fifteen-Year-War Series (1591-1606)
    • The War of Pasha Sinan until 1596
      • The Long War – Part One / the new Borderland
      • The Long War, Part Two / the radius of the war
      • The Long War, Part Three / how it broke out
      • The Long War, Part Four / the military targets
      • The Long War, Part Five / October-November 1593
      • The Long War, Part Six / November-December 1593
      • The Long War, Part Seven / the Battle of Tura, 1594
      • The Long War, Part Eight / Summer 1594, the death of Balassi
      • The Long War, Part Nine / August-October 1594, the sieges of Győr and Komárom
      • The Long War, Part Ten / 1594, Transylvania breaks up with the Sublime Port
      • The Long War, Part 11 / the first clashes in 1595
      • The Long War, Part 12 / the second siege of Esztergom
      • The Long War, Part 13 / Upper Lands, and Transylvania 1595
      • The Long War, Part 14 / Spring-summer, 1596
    • 1596-1600
      • The Long War, Part 15 / 1596: the Fall of Eger
      • The Long War, Part 16 / 1596, The Battle of Mezőkeresztes
      • The long War, Part 17 / the retaking of Tata castle with a “petard”
      • The Long War, Part 18 / Taking Pápa Castle, losing Tata, and the siege of Győr
      • The Long War, Part 19 / the Battle of Vác-Verőce, November 1597
      • The Long War, Part 20 / the retaking of Győr castle, 1598
      • The Long War, Part 21 / the sieges of Buda and Várad castles, 1598
      • The Long War, Part 22; a great Hajdú victory in 1599
      • The Long War, Part 23 / Christian ambushes, 1599
      • The Long War, Part 24/ Troubles in Transylvania, 1596-1599
      • The Long War, Part 25/ The Battle of Miriszló, 1600
      • The Long War, Part 26/ The siege of Kanizsa Castle, 1600
      • The Long War, Part 27/The mutiny of Walloon mercenaries in Pápa castle, 1600
    • 1601-1606
      • The Long War, Part 28 / Battles around Fehérvár, 1601
      • The Long War, Part 29 / 1601, the unsuccessful siege of Kanizsa Castle
      • The Long War, Part 30 / the fall of Székesfehérvár castle in 1602
      • The Long War, Part 31; 1602: Basta’s victory in Transylvania and the Siege of Buda
      • The Long War, Part 32; military actions in the first part of 1603
      • The Long War, Part 33; the third siege of Buda, 1603
      • The Long War, Part 34 / The Siege of Esztergom, 1604
      • The Long War, Part 35; Internal war in Transylvania 1600-1604
      • The Long War, Part 36 / The Bocskai Uprising, 1604
      • The Long War, Part 37 / The heydays of Bocskai, 1605
      • The Long War, Part 38; 1606 – The creation of a Double Treaty of Peace
      • The Long War, Part 39 / Conclusion
  • Videos
    • The Siege of Nándorfehérvár / Belgrade, 1456
    • Visegrád, royal palace
    • The Battle of Mohács, 1526
    • The Battle of Zenta, 1697
    • The Ottoman conquest in Europe
    • The reconquest wars of Hungary
  • Sources and recommended readings
    • Review: Lord of the Eyrie (by Katerina Dunne)
    • Review: “As Only True Men Can: Nikola Zrinski’s Last Stand at Sziget”
  • Donate My Work
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  • About Me
  • Castles in the “Hungaries”
    • Transylvania
      • Saxon and Székely fortified churches
        • Alsóbajom
        • Alsórákos
        • Asszonyfalva
        • Barcarozsnyó castle
        • Baráthely, fortified church
        • Berethalom
        • Csíkdelne
        • Csíkménaság
        • Csíkszenttamás
        • Csíkkarcfalva
        • Csíkrákos
        • Enyed / Nagyenyed
        • Feketehalom
        • Fületelke
        • Gelence
        • Homoróddaróc
        • Jakabfalva
        • Kelnek
        • Kereszténysziget
        • Lesses
        • Mese
        • Miklósvár
        • Prázsmár
        • Sárd
        • Sepsiszentgyörgy
        • Szászbogács
        • Szászfehéregyháza
        • Szászhermány
        • Szászkézd
        • Szászsebes
        • Székelyderzs
        • Szentágota
        • Visk
      • Alvinc
      • Abafája
      • Almás / Váralmás castle
      • Aranyosmeggyes
      • Bálványos
      • Bonchida
      • Bethlenszentmiklós
      • Borosjenő
      • Bözödújfalu
      • Brassó
      • Bún
      • Csíkszereda
      • Déva
      • Doboka
      • Élesd, Sólyomkővár
      • Erdőd (Ardud)
      • Fogaras
      • Gyalu
      • Gyergyószárhegy
      • Gyergyószentmiklós
      • Gyimesbükk
      • Gyulafehérvár
      • Hadad
      • Hunyad
      • Kankó / Ugocsa vár
      • Karánsebes
      • Keresd
      • Keresztelőszentpál / Kerelőszentpál
      • Királyházai Nyalábvár
      • Kolozsvár
      • Kovászó
      • Kőhalom
      • Küküllővár
      • Lugos
      • Marosillye
      • Marosvásárhely
      • Munkács
      • Nagybánya / Asszonypataka
      • Nagyszalonta
      • Nagyvárad
      • Nyírbátor
      • Nevicke
      • Radna and Óradna
      • Radnót
      • Regéc
      • Sárospatak
      • Sebesvár
      • Segesvár
      • Szatmár / Szatmárnémeti
      • Szentbenedek
      • Szeben and the Abbey of Kerc
      • Szerednye
      • Székelykeresztúr
      • Torda
      • Szelindek
      • Torockószentgyörgy
      • Törcsvár
      • Ungvár
    • Kingdom of Hungary
      • North
        • Abaújvár
        • Alsómattyasóc
        • Ajnácskő
        • Alsómicsinye
        • Árva
        • Bajmóc
        • Bakabánya
        • Balassagyarmat
        • Balogvár
        • Barkó
        • Bártfa
        • Beckó, Bolondóc
        • Besztercebánya
        • Betlenfalva
        • Berencsváralja
        • Boldogkőváralja
        • Borsi
        • Borostyánkő (Ballenstein, Paistun)
        • Borostyánkő (Bernstein)
        • Bozók
        • Budatin
        • Csábrág
        • Csejte
        • Cseklész
        • Csetnek
        • Csicsva
        • Dévény
        • Divény
        • Diósgyőr
        • Detrekő castle and the Pálffy palace
        • Drégely
        • Eperjes
        • Érsekújvár
        • Felsőkubin
        • Felsővály
        • Fülek
        • Füzér
        • Garamszentbenedek
        • Gímes
        • Golop
        • Hajdúdorog
        • Hajdúnánás
        • (Hajdú)Szoboszló
        • Holics
        • Hollólomnic
        • Homonna
        • Huszt
        • Illava
        • Kálló
        • Kassa
        • Kékkő
        • Késmárk
        • Kisnána
        • Kisvárda
        • Komárom
        • Korlátkő
        • Korpona
        • Körmöcbánya
        • Krasznahorka and Betlér
        • Léva
        • Likava
        • Lipótújvár
        • Lőcse
        • Murány
        • Nagybiccse
        • Nagyida
        • Nagykövesd
        • Nagyszombat
        • Nedec / Dunajec
        • Nógrád
        • Nyitra
        • Ólubló / Lubló
        • Ónod
        • Osgyán
        • Putnok
        • Revistye
        • Szabatkapuszta
        • Selmecbánya
        • Szádvár
        • Szanda
        • Szécsény
        • Szepesi vár
        • Szerencs
        • Szikszó
        • Szitnya
        • Szklabinya
        • Tarkő
        • Tiszolc
        • Tokaj
        • Torna
        • Trencsén
        • Zsolnalitva
        • Zemplén
        • Zólyom
        • Zólyomlipcse
        • Zsarnóca
      • West
        • Bozsok
        • Bakonyújvár / Bakonybél
        • Bátorkő
        • Csobánc
        • Csesznek
        • Devecser
        • Egervár
        • Fraknó
        • Győr Castle
        • Keszthely
        • Körmend
        • Kőszeg
        • Lánzsér
        • Mosonmagyaróvár
        • Nagyvázsony
        • Németújvár
        • Palota (Várpalota)
        • Pannonhalma
        • Pápa
        • Pozsony
        • Ugod
        • Rezi
        • Sárvár
        • Somló
        • Sopron
        • Sümeg
        • Szarvaskő (at Döbrönte)
        • Szigliget
        • Tata
        • Tihany
        • Várgesztes
        • Veszprém
        • Vitány
        • Vöröskő
      • South
        • Babócsa
        • Csáktornya
        • Dobóc
        • Egerszeg, Zalaegerszeg
        • Felsőlendva
        • Hídvég
        • Kereki, Fehérkő castle
        • Komár
        • Sziszek
        • Zalaszentgrót
    • Ottoman Occupied Lands
      • Arad
      • Atya
      • Bács
      • Berzence
      • Boksánbánya, Boksa / Kövesd Castle
      • Buda
      • Buják
      • Bussa
      • Cegléd
      • Csanád
      • Csókakő
      • Csővár
      • Dédes castle
      • Dunaföldvár
      • Döbrönte, Szarvaskő
      • Dombóvár
      • Eger
      • Erdőd (Erdut)
      • Hatvan
      • Eszék
      • Esztergom
      • Hollókő
      • Fonyód
      • Ipolydamásd
      • Galambóc
      • Ipolyság
      • Gyula
      • Jajca
      • Kanizsa
      • Kaposvár
      • Kecskemét
      • Komlóska, Solymos castle
      • Lippa and Solymos
      • Nándorfehérvár
      • Ozora
      • Pécs
      • Pécsvárad
      • Pest
      • Pétervárad
      • Pilisszentlélek and Klastrompuszta
      • Pozsega
      • Újlak
      • Rednek
      • Salgó
      • Siklós
      • Simontornya
      • Sirok
      • Somoskő
      • Szabács
      • Szalánkemén
      • Szarvas
      • Szarvaskői castle
      • Szeged
      • Székesfehérvár
      • Szentlászlóvár / Lászlóvára
      • Szigetvár
      • Szolnok Castle
      • Szörényvár
      • Temesvár
      • Vác
      • Valpó
      • Visegrád
      • Zimony
      • Zsámbék
  • Our Castles on the Map
  • Essays
    • Members of the Valiant Order
      • Balassi Bálint (1554-1594)
      • Prince Bocskai István
      • A Hero of the Valiant Order: Varkocs György
      • General Schwendi in Royal Hungary, a German Hero
      • Thorny Tamás, a Hungarian hero
      • Pálffy Tamás (1534-1581), a Hungarian Hero
      • Berenhidai Huszár Péter, a Hungarian Hero
      • Hans Rueber von Püchsendorf (1529-1584)
      • A hero of Buda who was almost hanged
      • Bey Csonka: the Ottoman hero of Buda, 1686
      • Captain John Smith, a Hungarian nobleman
      • Balassi Ferenc
      • Batthyány Ferenc (1497-1566)
      • Lord Perényi Péter, (1502– 1548) – Part One
      • Ferenc, the kidnapped son of Lord Perényi – Part Two
      • The Perényi-story, Part Three
      • Némethi Ferenc (1510-1565) and the wine of Tokaj
      • Andrew Gaudi, the Scot hero of Várad
      • Werbőczi Imre (1510s-1548)
      • Petár Berislavić / Beriszlói Péter (1475-1520)
      • General Tomori Pál (1475-1526)
      • Petar Kruzic / Krusics Péter (1491-1537)
      • János Zadorla, a Slovakian hero of Kassa
      • Peter Roussel of Burgundy (?-1577, Kassa)
      • Magyar Bálint of Palona
      • Gyulaffy László (c.1520-1579), the champion of the Borderland
      • The Lady with a hook-gun in Buzita Castle
      • Báthory István, King of Poland and Prince of Transylvania (1533-1586)
      • Nyáry Lőrinc and his son, Nyáry Pál
      • Gregoróczy Vince
      • Pasha Arszlán (Oroszlán) of Buda castle
      • Baron Nádasdy Tamás (1498-1562)
      • Count Nádasdy Ferenc, the Strong Black Bey (1555-1604)
      • Captain Thury György (cc1520-1571)
      • Thengöldi Bornemisza János (1520/30-1589)
      • Maróthy Mihály of Loós (?-1600)
      • Adolf von Schwarzenberg (1547-1600)
      • Kádár István and his Hajdú soldiers, 1658
      • Wathay Ferenc (1568- after 1609)
      • Rákóczi László (1633-1664)
      • Zrínyi Ádám (1662-1691)
      • Zrínyi Miklós, the poet and general (1620-1664)
    • King Matthias Corvinus Series (1443-1490)
      • The beginning of King Matthias’ Reign
      • Origin of King Matthias Corvinus
      • Was King Matthias related to Sultan Mohamed II ?
      • Firearms in the Black Army
      • King Matthias at Boroszló (Wroclaw, Breslau)
      • The wealth of King Matthias
      • King Matthias` duel with Holubar
      • Why is the Hungarian Renaissance not so well-known?
      • „Delirant Reges, plectunur Achivi” – The people pay for the foolishness of the kings
      • “this king loved his country”
      • “Non licet in bello bis peccare”: You mustn`t commit the same fault twice in the war
      • Kinizsi Pál, general of King Matthias
      • The size of King Matthias` army
      • The fleet of King Matthias
      • King Matthias Corvinus and England
    • Economy
      • The revolution of transportation: the “kocsi” (coach)
      • The Mining Towns of Upper Hungary
      • Salt: the white gold of Hungary
      • Hungarian Grey Cattle
      • The value of Money
    • Nations, peoples, ethnic groups
      • Who were the Turks?
      • Who were the Germans?
      • Who were the Hungarians?
      • Who are the Székelys?
      • Who were the German Saxons in Transylvania?
      • Who were the Habáns, the Swiss immigrants fleeing to Hungary?
      • Who were the Magyarabs?
    • Mercenaries, Western soldiers
      • Italians in the 15-Year-War in Hungary
      • Foreign mercenaries in Hungary
      • Scots on the battlefields of the „Hungaries”
    • The Hungarian Hajdú warriors
    • Cavalry
      • Dragoons in Hungary
      • Horses of Battle
      • Cavalry Charge and Melee
      • Horses in the Battle of Mohács
      • Hungarian Horse archers in the 17th century
      • The Hussar tournaments of Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria
    • Famous and Infamous People
      • Albrecht Dürer (1471 -1528) and Hungary
      • Who was Oláh Miklós? (1493-1568)
      • Lady Báthory Erzsébet (1560-1614)
      • Catherine of Brandenburg, wife of Prince Bethlen
      • The Zrínyi / Zrinski family and the Habsburgs
      • The peril of Demeter Jaksith – a legend from Szerémi`s Chronicle
      • Borbála, the true love of King Matthias
      • Szilágyi Mihály, the kingmaker
      • Palatine Báthory István (c 1480-1530)
      • Mayláth István, Voivode of Transylvania (1502-1550)
      • Baron Forgách Ferenc
      • Zsámboki János (Johannes Sambucus Pannonius) 1531-1584
      • Bey Sásvár, the renegade
      • King Habsburg Ferdinand I of Hungary and Bohemia (1503-1564)
      • King Szapolyai János (1487-1540)
      • Fráter György (Utišinović / Martinuzzi György) 1482-1551
      • Prince Rákóczi Zsigmond (1555-08/12/1608)
      • Prince Báthory Gábor of Transylvania (1589-1613)
      • Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania
      • Prince Rákóczi I György of Transylvania (ruled from 1630 to 1648)
      • Prince Barcsay Ákos of Transylvania (1610-1661)
      • Prince Kemény János of Transylvania (1607-1662)
      • Sultan Mehmed III (reigned between 1595 and 1603)
      • King Habsburg Rudolf of Hungary, Emperor of the HRE (1552-1612)
      • Zrínyi Ilona (1649-1703)
    • Why don’t we like Sultan Suleiman?
    • Types of soldiers in the “Hungaries” around 1600
    • Hungarian and other proverbs born during the Turk wars
    • The Ottoman concept of „Kizil Elma”, the „Golden / Red Apple”
    • The Hungarian Knights of the Golden Spur
    • Ethnic changes in Hungary due to the Ottoman wars
    • The military education of Hunyadi János
  • 1372-1490
    • The Ottoman-Hungarian fights before the fall of Szendrő castle in 1439
    • Hunyadi at Szendrő, 1439
    • The rise of Hunyadi János to power, 1440-41
    • Hunyadi’s first large battle against the Turks, 1441
    • Hunyadi defeated two Ottoman armies, 1442
    • Hunyadi’s Long Campaign in 1443-44, part one
    • Hunyadi’s Long Campaign in 1443-44, part two
    • Hunyadi’s Long Campaign in 1443-44, part three
    • Várna, 1444: Were Hunyadi and the King oathbreakers? Part One
    • The road to Várna, 1444; Part Two
    • The Battle of Várna, 1444; Part Three
    • Battle of Kosovo Polje, 1448
    • 1456, the heroic Siege of Nándorfehérvár (Belgrade)
    • 22 December 1476 The wedding of Matthias and Beatrix
    • Why can we hear the bells at noon? 1456
    • The Battle of Kenyérmező (Breadfield), 13 October 1479
    • General Magyar Balázs saves Otranto in 1481
    • The Doom of the Black Army after 1490
  • 1490-1541
    • Báthory István defeats the Ottomans at Illádia, 12 October 1512
    • 1521: the fall of Szabács, Zimony, and Nándorfehérvár castles
    • After 16 October 1522 Szapolyai, Voivode of Transylvania defeats the Turks in Wallachia
    • The Battle of Szávaszentdemeter, 1523
    • 29 August 1526: The Battle of Mohács
    • 13-15 September 1526, the Battle of Pusztamarót
    • 1527 Cserni (aka Black or Nenad) Jován’s uprising
    • 1527-28 The negotiations of Sir Lasky in Istanbul
    • 20 March 1528 The Battle of Szina
    • A scene from the last days of Kőszeg’ s siege in 1532
    • 19 September 1532, Pasha Kászim’s black day
    • 14 April 1533 Hieronym Laszky besieges Palota Castle
    • 21 October 1540: Leonhard von Fels besieges Buda
    • 20 July 1541 The fall of Fogaras castle
  • 1541-1606
    • 26 September 1542 The Siege of Pest began
    • 25 December 1545, the fall of Simontornya castle
    • 19 June 1547 the first Peace of Edirne / Drinápoly
    • 13 November 1550: Brother György defeats his enemies
    • 1551 “Virtus vulnere viret” – a bloody fight at Lippa castle
    • 1 March 1552 the Peril of Szeged and the Battle of Dorozsma
    • 1 June 1552 The fall of Veszprém castle
    • A general attack against Eger Castle on St. Michael’s Day, 1552
    • 1554: The Turks attack the castles of Tihany and Csobánc
    • 1555: Pápa castle was attacked
    • An old warrior’s challenge to a duel, 1555
    • The miracle at Görösgál, 1555
    • The siege of Szigetvár in 1556
    • 1556: The fight between “David and Goliath”
    • 25 November 1556 The Diet of Transylvania made Isabella Governor
    • When Ottomans attacked each other in Hungary, 1558
    • The adolescent murderers of Bey Ibrahim, 1559
    • 27 March 1562: the victory of Hassan, Bey of Fülek
    • 4 March 1562 The Battle of Hadad
    • 5 June 1566 The heroic defense of Palota castle
    • 1566 King János Zsigmond’s victory over the Crimean Tatars
    • 1566: three champions challenge Pasha Mustafa to a duel
    • 1567: the heroic defenders of Felsővadász castle
    • 13 January 1568: Freedom of religion was declared at the Diet of Torda
    • 17 February 1568 The Treaty of Edirne / Drinápoly
    • October 1570: the Hungarian Borderland-warriors defeated the Ottomans at Alsóörs
    • Two young Turks who got lost at night, 1570
    • 1571, the last stand of Captain Thury György
    • 6 February 1573: Attack on Szentgyörgyvár castle
    • 1575: the warriors of Kanizsa castle laid a trap
    • 1575: the heroic last stand of the warriors of Fonyód castle
    • 1577, a Christian defeat at Győr castle
    • The Hussars ambush the fair of Hatvan in 1580
    • 19 July 1580 The victory at Nádudvar
    • The warriors of Léva castle’s duel, on 1 May 1581
    • 1583: the Hungarian warriors of the Valiant Order of Trans-Danubian Region attack Koppány Castle
    • 1585: the duel of Olasz Gergely at Komárom Castle
    • 25 February 1587: The destruction of Koppány castle and the victory at Kacorlak
    • 1588: the destruction of Endréd Palisade Castle
    • 29 October 1588: the Hungarian warriors ambush Kékkő castle
    • A shameful duel in 1590
    • 18 November 1593; The armies of the Upper Land take Szabatka
    • November 21, 1593, The Hungarians defeated the Turks at Romhány
    • The adventure of a few Hajdú warriors at Vác, 1594
    • 1598: Captain András Barcsai of Lugos Castle defeated Pasha Szulejmán of Temesvár
    • Prince Bocskai had his Hajdús settled, 12/12/1605
  • 1606-1717
    • Bethlen defeats the usurper Homonnai-Drugeth at Dés, 1616
    • 20 December 1626: Prince Bethlen signed a truce with King Ferdinand II
    • 6 October 1636 Prince Rákóczi scatters the army of the Pasha of Temesvár at Nagyszalonta
    • 2 February 1642: The Raid at Igal
    • 26 June 1644 The Battle of Somos: Hungarian Transylvanians vs. Hungarians of Royal Hungary
    • 16 December 1645 Peace treaty in Linz between Rákóczi and Ferdinand
    • 1649 Pentecost: the Turks attacked the market of Egerszeg
    • 25-26 August 1652 The Battle of Vezekény
    • 30 April 1657 Batthyány Ádám’s raid at Zsámbék
    • 1657: the unlucky Polish war of Prince Rákóczi György II
    • 1658: Prince György Rákóczi II defeated the Ottoman army
    • The Battle of Szárhegy, 1658
    • 27 August 1660: The fall of Várad castle
    • 1660 The punishing war of Pasha Szejdi
    • 1660 The Battle of Szászfenes, the death of Prince Rákóczi György II
    • Zrínyi’s reply to Montecuccoli 1661
    • 23 January 1662 The Battle of Nagyszőlős, the Death of Prince Kemény
    • 1662: the adventure of 12 Hajdú warriors
    • 1663: Zrínyi Péter defeated the Ottomans at Károlyváros
    • The famous Winter Campaign of Zrínyi, 1664
    • The siege of Kanizsa castle, 28 April 1664
    • The Hajdú warriors in Zrínyi’s Winter Campaign in 1664
    • The last stand of Pölöske castle’s defenders, 22 July 1664
    • The letter of Zrínyi Miklós in 1664
    • 1 August 1664 The battle of Szentgotthárd / Saint Gotthard, and the peace of Vasvár
    • 18 November 1664: the death of Zrínyi Miklós aka Nikola Zrínski
    • The regulations of Regéc castle 1679
    • 23 April 1670 The Battle of Gombás and the Wesselényi Conspiration
    • 22 December 1671 Emperor Leopold dismissed his Hungarian soldiers
    • 14 September 1672 The “kuruc” rebels beat the Imperials at Enyicke
    • 12 September 1683 The Battle of Kahlenberg at Vienna
    • 7-9 October 1683 The Battle of Párkány
    • 10 July 1684 the Triumph at Szentendre
    • The Turk reinforcement was defeated at Érd, 1684 
    • The Battle of Tát, 16 August 1685
    • 2 September 1686 Buda Eliberata!
    • Turkish prisoners of war in Buda, 1686
    • 1687: the Battle of Nagyharsány
    • 17 January 1688 The fall of Munkács castle
    • 5 September 1688: The victory of Türkenluis at Derventa
    • The Battle of Zernyest: Thököly’s victory, 1690
    • 13 April 1690 The retaking of Kanizsa castle
    • The Triumph of Szalánkemén, the bloodiest battle of the century, 1691
    • The Battle of Lugos, 1695
    • 11 September 1697 The Battle of Zenta
    • 24 August 1717 The massacre in Szék, Transylvania
  • Spreading Hungarian history
    • Fighting Misconceptions
    • The Hungarians’ role before 1526
    • “Betwixt two heathens”: the Habsburgs and the Ottomans
    • Modern Ottoman propaganda
    • Social media and Hungarian history in English
    • The Hun is at the gate!
    • My Report on Spreading Hungarian History between 2016 and 2023
  • Weapons
    • Armors and shields
      • Armors in Topkapi Seray Museum
      • Armors and weapons in the Styrian Armory of Graz
      • The armors of Emperor and King Maximilian I and II, and the helmet of King Louis II of Hungary
      • Hussar Helmets on Display in 1896
      • Turk shields, helmets
      • A chainmail from 1550
      • The Hungarian Hussar regiments of Cardinal Richelieu, 1635
      • A tombstone of an unknown knight
      • Hungarian Lobster Tail Helmets
      • The tombstone of Swabowszky György
      • Hussar armor, masks, and shields
    • Swords and sabers
      • Pallos
      • The sword of Charlemagne or the saber of Attila?
      • Ceremonial sword of the Dragon Order
      • Hungarian sabers, 15th-17th century
      • Saber (Eastern style)
      • Polish Saber (Hungarian style)
      • Hegyestőr / estoc / koncerz
      • a Transylvanian dagger, 1540
      • Swords made by Thomas Kapustran
      • The saber of General Pálffy Miklós (1552-1600)
    • Firearms
      • Strange firearms
      • Saint Borbála and the cannons
      • Pistols, 16th century
      • Pistols, 17th century (Vienna)
      • Bayonets in the Hungarian fights
      • Ottoman quiver, bows, and arrows
    • War hammers, maces, and battle axes
  • Maps and Regions
    • The First Military Survey of Hungary (1780-84)
    • Map 1750
    • Szepesség
    • The Borderland
    • Transylvanian Principality: a vassal state of the Turks?
    • Fortified Churches in Transylvania
    • Subcarpathia / Kárpátalja
  • Dramatized historical writings
    • The Little Rooster’s Diamond Halfpenny
    • Interview with Count Zrínyi Miklós
    • Interview with Cardinal Pázmány Péter
    • Interview with Lord Báthory István
    • Suleiman learns the plot of Queen Isabella
    • Lord Balassa’s victory at Szalka (1544)
    • Interview with Captain Thury György, 1561
    • The Siege of Drégely Castle (1552)
    • The Battle of Palást, 1552
    • The Gypsy warriors of Nagyida Castle (1556)
    • The White Geese of Léva Castle (1664)
    • The Duel at Korpona’s Haversack Castle (1588)
    • The Battle of Szikszó (08 October 1588)
    • Mikszáth Kálmán: Hunyák Pál
    • The Heavenly Advocate By Kosztolányi Dezső (1920)
  • Masterpieces of Art
    • Chalices, goblets between the 15th and the 17th century
    • A few pieces of ornamented items and jewellery
    • Ceramics from the 15-17th centuries
    • The Renaissance bronze candlesticks in Hagia Sophia
    • Hungarian Medieval Saddles
    • Hidden treasure found at Likava Castle
    • The destruction of King Saint László’s statue
    • Toy Knights of King Louis II
    • Drinking vessels, 16th-17th century
    • Renaissance Tiles
    • Prince Bethlen’s gift to King Gustav Adolphus 
  • Reenacting History
    • Reenactor clubs
      • The Nádasdy Ferenc Banderium in Sárvár
      • The Matthias Rex Association / Mathias Rex Történelmi Hagyományőrző Egyesület
    • HEMA
      • Interview with Schunder László
    • Clothes and attire
      • Skirt and attached bodice, 17th century
      • The embroidery of Hungarian Lady dresses
      • Mente and Dolman: Hungarian attire
      • Corolla
  • Chronologies
    • General Chronology of Hungarian-Ottoman wars between 1552 and 1699
    • General chronologies 1366-1552
    • A very short summary of Hungarian-Ottoman wars
  • The Fifteen-Year-War Series (1591-1606)
    • The War of Pasha Sinan until 1596
      • The Long War – Part One / the new Borderland
      • The Long War, Part Two / the radius of the war
      • The Long War, Part Three / how it broke out
      • The Long War, Part Four / the military targets
      • The Long War, Part Five / October-November 1593
      • The Long War, Part Six / November-December 1593
      • The Long War, Part Seven / the Battle of Tura, 1594
      • The Long War, Part Eight / Summer 1594, the death of Balassi
      • The Long War, Part Nine / August-October 1594, the sieges of Győr and Komárom
      • The Long War, Part Ten / 1594, Transylvania breaks up with the Sublime Port
      • The Long War, Part 11 / the first clashes in 1595
      • The Long War, Part 12 / the second siege of Esztergom
      • The Long War, Part 13 / Upper Lands, and Transylvania 1595
      • The Long War, Part 14 / Spring-summer, 1596
    • 1596-1600
      • The Long War, Part 15 / 1596: the Fall of Eger
      • The Long War, Part 16 / 1596, The Battle of Mezőkeresztes
      • The long War, Part 17 / the retaking of Tata castle with a “petard”
      • The Long War, Part 18 / Taking Pápa Castle, losing Tata, and the siege of Győr
      • The Long War, Part 19 / the Battle of Vác-Verőce, November 1597
      • The Long War, Part 20 / the retaking of Győr castle, 1598
      • The Long War, Part 21 / the sieges of Buda and Várad castles, 1598
      • The Long War, Part 22; a great Hajdú victory in 1599
      • The Long War, Part 23 / Christian ambushes, 1599
      • The Long War, Part 24/ Troubles in Transylvania, 1596-1599
      • The Long War, Part 25/ The Battle of Miriszló, 1600
      • The Long War, Part 26/ The siege of Kanizsa Castle, 1600
      • The Long War, Part 27/The mutiny of Walloon mercenaries in Pápa castle, 1600
    • 1601-1606
      • The Long War, Part 28 / Battles around Fehérvár, 1601
      • The Long War, Part 29 / 1601, the unsuccessful siege of Kanizsa Castle
      • The Long War, Part 30 / the fall of Székesfehérvár castle in 1602
      • The Long War, Part 31; 1602: Basta’s victory in Transylvania and the Siege of Buda
      • The Long War, Part 32; military actions in the first part of 1603
      • The Long War, Part 33; the third siege of Buda, 1603
      • The Long War, Part 34 / The Siege of Esztergom, 1604
      • The Long War, Part 35; Internal war in Transylvania 1600-1604
      • The Long War, Part 36 / The Bocskai Uprising, 1604
      • The Long War, Part 37 / The heydays of Bocskai, 1605
      • The Long War, Part 38; 1606 – The creation of a Double Treaty of Peace
      • The Long War, Part 39 / Conclusion
  • Videos
    • The Siege of Nándorfehérvár / Belgrade, 1456
    • Visegrád, royal palace
    • The Battle of Mohács, 1526
    • The Battle of Zenta, 1697
    • The Ottoman conquest in Europe
    • The reconquest wars of Hungary
  • Sources and recommended readings
    • Review: Lord of the Eyrie (by Katerina Dunne)
    • Review: “As Only True Men Can: Nikola Zrinski’s Last Stand at Sziget”
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Hungarian-Ottoman Wars

History Blog by Gábor Szántai

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Spreading Hungarian history

  • Post author:hungarianottomanwars_87xxqr
  • Post published:September 27, 2019
  • Post category:Sources and recommended readings
  • Post comments:2 Comments

 

Continue ReadingSpreading Hungarian history

Welcome to the Centuries of the Hungarian-Ottoman Wars!

  • Post author:hungarianottomanwars_87xxqr
  • Post published:September 26, 2019
  • Post category:Sources and recommended readings
  • Post comments:1 Comment

Welcome to the Centuries of the Hungarian-Ottoman Wars! In this Blog I wish to share with you an exciting, though not well known or understood, a period of time. It…

Continue ReadingWelcome to the Centuries of the Hungarian-Ottoman Wars!

  • Post author:hungarianottomanwars_87xxqr
  • Post published:September 25, 2019
  • Post category:Sources and recommended readings
  • Post comments:0 Comments

 

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  • About Me
  • Castles in the “Hungaries”
    • Transylvania
      • Saxon and Székely fortified churches
        • Alsóbajom
        • Alsórákos
        • Asszonyfalva
        • Barcarozsnyó castle
        • Baráthely, fortified church
        • Berethalom
        • Csíkdelne
        • Csíkménaság
        • Csíkszenttamás
        • Csíkkarcfalva
        • Csíkrákos
        • Enyed / Nagyenyed
        • Feketehalom
        • Fületelke
        • Gelence
        • Homoróddaróc
        • Jakabfalva
        • Kelnek
        • Kereszténysziget
        • Lesses
        • Mese
        • Miklósvár
        • Prázsmár
        • Sárd
        • Sepsiszentgyörgy
        • Szászbogács
        • Szászfehéregyháza
        • Szászhermány
        • Szászkézd
        • Szászsebes
        • Székelyderzs
        • Szentágota
        • Visk
      • Alvinc
      • Abafája
      • Almás / Váralmás castle
      • Aranyosmeggyes
      • Bálványos
      • Bonchida
      • Bethlenszentmiklós
      • Borosjenő
      • Bözödújfalu
      • Brassó
      • Bún
      • Csíkszereda
      • Déva
      • Doboka
      • Élesd, Sólyomkővár
      • Erdőd (Ardud)
      • Fogaras
      • Gyalu
      • Gyergyószárhegy
      • Gyergyószentmiklós
      • Gyimesbükk
      • Gyulafehérvár
      • Hadad
      • Hunyad
      • Kankó / Ugocsa vár
      • Karánsebes
      • Keresd
      • Keresztelőszentpál / Kerelőszentpál
      • Királyházai Nyalábvár
      • Kolozsvár
      • Kovászó
      • Kőhalom
      • Küküllővár
      • Lugos
      • Marosillye
      • Marosvásárhely
      • Munkács
      • Nagybánya / Asszonypataka
      • Nagyszalonta
      • Nagyvárad
      • Nyírbátor
      • Nevicke
      • Radna and Óradna
      • Radnót
      • Regéc
      • Sárospatak
      • Sebesvár
      • Segesvár
      • Szatmár / Szatmárnémeti
      • Szentbenedek
      • Szeben and the Abbey of Kerc
      • Szerednye
      • Székelykeresztúr
      • Torda
      • Szelindek
      • Torockószentgyörgy
      • Törcsvár
      • Ungvár
    • Kingdom of Hungary
      • North
        • Abaújvár
        • Alsómattyasóc
        • Ajnácskő
        • Alsómicsinye
        • Árva
        • Bajmóc
        • Bakabánya
        • Balassagyarmat
        • Balogvár
        • Barkó
        • Bártfa
        • Beckó, Bolondóc
        • Besztercebánya
        • Betlenfalva
        • Berencsváralja
        • Boldogkőváralja
        • Borsi
        • Borostyánkő (Ballenstein, Paistun)
        • Borostyánkő (Bernstein)
        • Bozók
        • Budatin
        • Csábrág
        • Csejte
        • Cseklész
        • Csetnek
        • Csicsva
        • Dévény
        • Divény
        • Diósgyőr
        • Detrekő castle and the Pálffy palace
        • Drégely
        • Eperjes
        • Érsekújvár
        • Felsőkubin
        • Felsővály
        • Fülek
        • Füzér
        • Garamszentbenedek
        • Gímes
        • Golop
        • Hajdúdorog
        • Hajdúnánás
        • (Hajdú)Szoboszló
        • Holics
        • Hollólomnic
        • Homonna
        • Huszt
        • Illava
        • Kálló
        • Kassa
        • Kékkő
        • Késmárk
        • Kisnána
        • Kisvárda
        • Komárom
        • Korlátkő
        • Korpona
        • Körmöcbánya
        • Krasznahorka and Betlér
        • Léva
        • Likava
        • Lipótújvár
        • Lőcse
        • Murány
        • Nagybiccse
        • Nagyida
        • Nagykövesd
        • Nagyszombat
        • Nedec / Dunajec
        • Nógrád
        • Nyitra
        • Ólubló / Lubló
        • Ónod
        • Osgyán
        • Putnok
        • Revistye
        • Szabatkapuszta
        • Selmecbánya
        • Szádvár
        • Szanda
        • Szécsény
        • Szepesi vár
        • Szerencs
        • Szikszó
        • Szitnya
        • Szklabinya
        • Tarkő
        • Tiszolc
        • Tokaj
        • Torna
        • Trencsén
        • Zsolnalitva
        • Zemplén
        • Zólyom
        • Zólyomlipcse
        • Zsarnóca
      • West
        • Bozsok
        • Bakonyújvár / Bakonybél
        • Bátorkő
        • Csobánc
        • Csesznek
        • Devecser
        • Egervár
        • Fraknó
        • Győr Castle
        • Keszthely
        • Körmend
        • Kőszeg
        • Lánzsér
        • Mosonmagyaróvár
        • Nagyvázsony
        • Németújvár
        • Palota (Várpalota)
        • Pannonhalma
        • Pápa
        • Pozsony
        • Ugod
        • Rezi
        • Sárvár
        • Somló
        • Sopron
        • Sümeg
        • Szarvaskő (at Döbrönte)
        • Szigliget
        • Tata
        • Tihany
        • Várgesztes
        • Veszprém
        • Vitány
        • Vöröskő
      • South
        • Babócsa
        • Csáktornya
        • Dobóc
        • Egerszeg, Zalaegerszeg
        • Felsőlendva
        • Hídvég
        • Kereki, Fehérkő castle
        • Komár
        • Sziszek
        • Zalaszentgrót
    • Ottoman Occupied Lands
      • Arad
      • Atya
      • Bács
      • Berzence
      • Boksánbánya, Boksa / Kövesd Castle
      • Buda
      • Buják
      • Bussa
      • Cegléd
      • Csanád
      • Csókakő
      • Csővár
      • Dédes castle
      • Dunaföldvár
      • Döbrönte, Szarvaskő
      • Dombóvár
      • Eger
      • Erdőd (Erdut)
      • Hatvan
      • Eszék
      • Esztergom
      • Hollókő
      • Fonyód
      • Ipolydamásd
      • Galambóc
      • Ipolyság
      • Gyula
      • Jajca
      • Kanizsa
      • Kaposvár
      • Kecskemét
      • Komlóska, Solymos castle
      • Lippa and Solymos
      • Nándorfehérvár
      • Ozora
      • Pécs
      • Pécsvárad
      • Pest
      • Pétervárad
      • Pilisszentlélek and Klastrompuszta
      • Pozsega
      • Újlak
      • Rednek
      • Salgó
      • Siklós
      • Simontornya
      • Sirok
      • Somoskő
      • Szabács
      • Szalánkemén
      • Szarvas
      • Szarvaskői castle
      • Szeged
      • Székesfehérvár
      • Szentlászlóvár / Lászlóvára
      • Szigetvár
      • Szolnok Castle
      • Szörényvár
      • Temesvár
      • Vác
      • Valpó
      • Visegrád
      • Zimony
      • Zsámbék
  • Our Castles on the Map
  • Essays
    • Members of the Valiant Order
      • Balassi Bálint (1554-1594)
      • Prince Bocskai István
      • A Hero of the Valiant Order: Varkocs György
      • General Schwendi in Royal Hungary, a German Hero
      • Thorny Tamás, a Hungarian hero
      • Pálffy Tamás (1534-1581), a Hungarian Hero
      • Berenhidai Huszár Péter, a Hungarian Hero
      • Hans Rueber von Püchsendorf (1529-1584)
      • A hero of Buda who was almost hanged
      • Bey Csonka: the Ottoman hero of Buda, 1686
      • Captain John Smith, a Hungarian nobleman
      • Balassi Ferenc
      • Batthyány Ferenc (1497-1566)
      • Lord Perényi Péter, (1502– 1548) – Part One
      • Ferenc, the kidnapped son of Lord Perényi – Part Two
      • The Perényi-story, Part Three
      • Némethi Ferenc (1510-1565) and the wine of Tokaj
      • Andrew Gaudi, the Scot hero of Várad
      • Werbőczi Imre (1510s-1548)
      • Petár Berislavić / Beriszlói Péter (1475-1520)
      • General Tomori Pál (1475-1526)
      • Petar Kruzic / Krusics Péter (1491-1537)
      • János Zadorla, a Slovakian hero of Kassa
      • Peter Roussel of Burgundy (?-1577, Kassa)
      • Magyar Bálint of Palona
      • Gyulaffy László (c.1520-1579), the champion of the Borderland
      • The Lady with a hook-gun in Buzita Castle
      • Báthory István, King of Poland and Prince of Transylvania (1533-1586)
      • Nyáry Lőrinc and his son, Nyáry Pál
      • Gregoróczy Vince
      • Pasha Arszlán (Oroszlán) of Buda castle
      • Baron Nádasdy Tamás (1498-1562)
      • Count Nádasdy Ferenc, the Strong Black Bey (1555-1604)
      • Captain Thury György (cc1520-1571)
      • Thengöldi Bornemisza János (1520/30-1589)
      • Maróthy Mihály of Loós (?-1600)
      • Adolf von Schwarzenberg (1547-1600)
      • Kádár István and his Hajdú soldiers, 1658
      • Wathay Ferenc (1568- after 1609)
      • Rákóczi László (1633-1664)
      • Zrínyi Ádám (1662-1691)
      • Zrínyi Miklós, the poet and general (1620-1664)
    • King Matthias Corvinus Series (1443-1490)
      • The beginning of King Matthias’ Reign
      • Origin of King Matthias Corvinus
      • Was King Matthias related to Sultan Mohamed II ?
      • Firearms in the Black Army
      • King Matthias at Boroszló (Wroclaw, Breslau)
      • The wealth of King Matthias
      • King Matthias` duel with Holubar
      • Why is the Hungarian Renaissance not so well-known?
      • „Delirant Reges, plectunur Achivi” – The people pay for the foolishness of the kings
      • “this king loved his country”
      • “Non licet in bello bis peccare”: You mustn`t commit the same fault twice in the war
      • Kinizsi Pál, general of King Matthias
      • The size of King Matthias` army
      • The fleet of King Matthias
      • King Matthias Corvinus and England
    • Economy
      • The revolution of transportation: the “kocsi” (coach)
      • The Mining Towns of Upper Hungary
      • Salt: the white gold of Hungary
      • Hungarian Grey Cattle
      • The value of Money
    • Nations, peoples, ethnic groups
      • Who were the Turks?
      • Who were the Germans?
      • Who were the Hungarians?
      • Who are the Székelys?
      • Who were the German Saxons in Transylvania?
      • Who were the Habáns, the Swiss immigrants fleeing to Hungary?
      • Who were the Magyarabs?
    • Mercenaries, Western soldiers
      • Italians in the 15-Year-War in Hungary
      • Foreign mercenaries in Hungary
      • Scots on the battlefields of the „Hungaries”
    • The Hungarian Hajdú warriors
    • Cavalry
      • Dragoons in Hungary
      • Horses of Battle
      • Cavalry Charge and Melee
      • Horses in the Battle of Mohács
      • Hungarian Horse archers in the 17th century
      • The Hussar tournaments of Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria
    • Famous and Infamous People
      • Albrecht Dürer (1471 -1528) and Hungary
      • Who was Oláh Miklós? (1493-1568)
      • Lady Báthory Erzsébet (1560-1614)
      • Catherine of Brandenburg, wife of Prince Bethlen
      • The Zrínyi / Zrinski family and the Habsburgs
      • The peril of Demeter Jaksith – a legend from Szerémi`s Chronicle
      • Borbála, the true love of King Matthias
      • Szilágyi Mihály, the kingmaker
      • Palatine Báthory István (c 1480-1530)
      • Mayláth István, Voivode of Transylvania (1502-1550)
      • Baron Forgách Ferenc
      • Zsámboki János (Johannes Sambucus Pannonius) 1531-1584
      • Bey Sásvár, the renegade
      • King Habsburg Ferdinand I of Hungary and Bohemia (1503-1564)
      • King Szapolyai János (1487-1540)
      • Fráter György (Utišinović / Martinuzzi György) 1482-1551
      • Prince Rákóczi Zsigmond (1555-08/12/1608)
      • Prince Báthory Gábor of Transylvania (1589-1613)
      • Prince Bethlen Gábor of Transylvania
      • Prince Rákóczi I György of Transylvania (ruled from 1630 to 1648)
      • Prince Barcsay Ákos of Transylvania (1610-1661)
      • Prince Kemény János of Transylvania (1607-1662)
      • Sultan Mehmed III (reigned between 1595 and 1603)
      • King Habsburg Rudolf of Hungary, Emperor of the HRE (1552-1612)
      • Zrínyi Ilona (1649-1703)
    • Why don’t we like Sultan Suleiman?
    • Types of soldiers in the “Hungaries” around 1600
    • Hungarian and other proverbs born during the Turk wars
    • The Ottoman concept of „Kizil Elma”, the „Golden / Red Apple”
    • The Hungarian Knights of the Golden Spur
    • Ethnic changes in Hungary due to the Ottoman wars
    • The military education of Hunyadi János
  • 1372-1490
    • The Ottoman-Hungarian fights before the fall of Szendrő castle in 1439
    • Hunyadi at Szendrő, 1439
    • The rise of Hunyadi János to power, 1440-41
    • Hunyadi’s first large battle against the Turks, 1441
    • Hunyadi defeated two Ottoman armies, 1442
    • Hunyadi’s Long Campaign in 1443-44, part one
    • Hunyadi’s Long Campaign in 1443-44, part two
    • Hunyadi’s Long Campaign in 1443-44, part three
    • Várna, 1444: Were Hunyadi and the King oathbreakers? Part One
    • The road to Várna, 1444; Part Two
    • The Battle of Várna, 1444; Part Three
    • Battle of Kosovo Polje, 1448
    • 1456, the heroic Siege of Nándorfehérvár (Belgrade)
    • 22 December 1476 The wedding of Matthias and Beatrix
    • Why can we hear the bells at noon? 1456
    • The Battle of Kenyérmező (Breadfield), 13 October 1479
    • General Magyar Balázs saves Otranto in 1481
    • The Doom of the Black Army after 1490
  • 1490-1541
    • Báthory István defeats the Ottomans at Illádia, 12 October 1512
    • 1521: the fall of Szabács, Zimony, and Nándorfehérvár castles
    • After 16 October 1522 Szapolyai, Voivode of Transylvania defeats the Turks in Wallachia
    • The Battle of Szávaszentdemeter, 1523
    • 29 August 1526: The Battle of Mohács
    • 13-15 September 1526, the Battle of Pusztamarót
    • 1527 Cserni (aka Black or Nenad) Jován’s uprising
    • 1527-28 The negotiations of Sir Lasky in Istanbul
    • 20 March 1528 The Battle of Szina
    • A scene from the last days of Kőszeg’ s siege in 1532
    • 19 September 1532, Pasha Kászim’s black day
    • 14 April 1533 Hieronym Laszky besieges Palota Castle
    • 21 October 1540: Leonhard von Fels besieges Buda
    • 20 July 1541 The fall of Fogaras castle
  • 1541-1606
    • 26 September 1542 The Siege of Pest began
    • 25 December 1545, the fall of Simontornya castle
    • 19 June 1547 the first Peace of Edirne / Drinápoly
    • 13 November 1550: Brother György defeats his enemies
    • 1551 “Virtus vulnere viret” – a bloody fight at Lippa castle
    • 1 March 1552 the Peril of Szeged and the Battle of Dorozsma
    • 1 June 1552 The fall of Veszprém castle
    • A general attack against Eger Castle on St. Michael’s Day, 1552
    • 1554: The Turks attack the castles of Tihany and Csobánc
    • 1555: Pápa castle was attacked
    • An old warrior’s challenge to a duel, 1555
    • The miracle at Görösgál, 1555
    • The siege of Szigetvár in 1556
    • 1556: The fight between “David and Goliath”
    • 25 November 1556 The Diet of Transylvania made Isabella Governor
    • When Ottomans attacked each other in Hungary, 1558
    • The adolescent murderers of Bey Ibrahim, 1559
    • 27 March 1562: the victory of Hassan, Bey of Fülek
    • 4 March 1562 The Battle of Hadad
    • 5 June 1566 The heroic defense of Palota castle
    • 1566 King János Zsigmond’s victory over the Crimean Tatars
    • 1566: three champions challenge Pasha Mustafa to a duel
    • 1567: the heroic defenders of Felsővadász castle
    • 13 January 1568: Freedom of religion was declared at the Diet of Torda
    • 17 February 1568 The Treaty of Edirne / Drinápoly
    • October 1570: the Hungarian Borderland-warriors defeated the Ottomans at Alsóörs
    • Two young Turks who got lost at night, 1570
    • 1571, the last stand of Captain Thury György
    • 6 February 1573: Attack on Szentgyörgyvár castle
    • 1575: the warriors of Kanizsa castle laid a trap
    • 1575: the heroic last stand of the warriors of Fonyód castle
    • 1577, a Christian defeat at Győr castle
    • The Hussars ambush the fair of Hatvan in 1580
    • 19 July 1580 The victory at Nádudvar
    • The warriors of Léva castle’s duel, on 1 May 1581
    • 1583: the Hungarian warriors of the Valiant Order of Trans-Danubian Region attack Koppány Castle
    • 1585: the duel of Olasz Gergely at Komárom Castle
    • 25 February 1587: The destruction of Koppány castle and the victory at Kacorlak
    • 1588: the destruction of Endréd Palisade Castle
    • 29 October 1588: the Hungarian warriors ambush Kékkő castle
    • A shameful duel in 1590
    • 18 November 1593; The armies of the Upper Land take Szabatka
    • November 21, 1593, The Hungarians defeated the Turks at Romhány
    • The adventure of a few Hajdú warriors at Vác, 1594
    • 1598: Captain András Barcsai of Lugos Castle defeated Pasha Szulejmán of Temesvár
    • Prince Bocskai had his Hajdús settled, 12/12/1605
  • 1606-1717
    • Bethlen defeats the usurper Homonnai-Drugeth at Dés, 1616
    • 20 December 1626: Prince Bethlen signed a truce with King Ferdinand II
    • 6 October 1636 Prince Rákóczi scatters the army of the Pasha of Temesvár at Nagyszalonta
    • 2 February 1642: The Raid at Igal
    • 26 June 1644 The Battle of Somos: Hungarian Transylvanians vs. Hungarians of Royal Hungary
    • 16 December 1645 Peace treaty in Linz between Rákóczi and Ferdinand
    • 1649 Pentecost: the Turks attacked the market of Egerszeg
    • 25-26 August 1652 The Battle of Vezekény
    • 30 April 1657 Batthyány Ádám’s raid at Zsámbék
    • 1657: the unlucky Polish war of Prince Rákóczi György II
    • 1658: Prince György Rákóczi II defeated the Ottoman army
    • The Battle of Szárhegy, 1658
    • 27 August 1660: The fall of Várad castle
    • 1660 The punishing war of Pasha Szejdi
    • 1660 The Battle of Szászfenes, the death of Prince Rákóczi György II
    • Zrínyi’s reply to Montecuccoli 1661
    • 23 January 1662 The Battle of Nagyszőlős, the Death of Prince Kemény
    • 1662: the adventure of 12 Hajdú warriors
    • 1663: Zrínyi Péter defeated the Ottomans at Károlyváros
    • The famous Winter Campaign of Zrínyi, 1664
    • The siege of Kanizsa castle, 28 April 1664
    • The Hajdú warriors in Zrínyi’s Winter Campaign in 1664
    • The last stand of Pölöske castle’s defenders, 22 July 1664
    • The letter of Zrínyi Miklós in 1664
    • 1 August 1664 The battle of Szentgotthárd / Saint Gotthard, and the peace of Vasvár
    • 18 November 1664: the death of Zrínyi Miklós aka Nikola Zrínski
    • The regulations of Regéc castle 1679
    • 23 April 1670 The Battle of Gombás and the Wesselényi Conspiration
    • 22 December 1671 Emperor Leopold dismissed his Hungarian soldiers
    • 14 September 1672 The “kuruc” rebels beat the Imperials at Enyicke
    • 12 September 1683 The Battle of Kahlenberg at Vienna
    • 7-9 October 1683 The Battle of Párkány
    • 10 July 1684 the Triumph at Szentendre
    • The Turk reinforcement was defeated at Érd, 1684 
    • The Battle of Tát, 16 August 1685
    • 2 September 1686 Buda Eliberata!
    • Turkish prisoners of war in Buda, 1686
    • 1687: the Battle of Nagyharsány
    • 17 January 1688 The fall of Munkács castle
    • 5 September 1688: The victory of Türkenluis at Derventa
    • The Battle of Zernyest: Thököly’s victory, 1690
    • 13 April 1690 The retaking of Kanizsa castle
    • The Triumph of Szalánkemén, the bloodiest battle of the century, 1691
    • The Battle of Lugos, 1695
    • 11 September 1697 The Battle of Zenta
    • 24 August 1717 The massacre in Szék, Transylvania
  • Spreading Hungarian history
    • Fighting Misconceptions
    • The Hungarians’ role before 1526
    • “Betwixt two heathens”: the Habsburgs and the Ottomans
    • Modern Ottoman propaganda
    • Social media and Hungarian history in English
    • The Hun is at the gate!
    • My Report on Spreading Hungarian History between 2016 and 2023
  • Weapons
    • Armors and shields
      • Armors in Topkapi Seray Museum
      • Armors and weapons in the Styrian Armory of Graz
      • The armors of Emperor and King Maximilian I and II, and the helmet of King Louis II of Hungary
      • Hussar Helmets on Display in 1896
      • Turk shields, helmets
      • A chainmail from 1550
      • The Hungarian Hussar regiments of Cardinal Richelieu, 1635
      • A tombstone of an unknown knight
      • Hungarian Lobster Tail Helmets
      • The tombstone of Swabowszky György
      • Hussar armor, masks, and shields
    • Swords and sabers
      • Pallos
      • The sword of Charlemagne or the saber of Attila?
      • Ceremonial sword of the Dragon Order
      • Hungarian sabers, 15th-17th century
      • Saber (Eastern style)
      • Polish Saber (Hungarian style)
      • Hegyestőr / estoc / koncerz
      • a Transylvanian dagger, 1540
      • Swords made by Thomas Kapustran
      • The saber of General Pálffy Miklós (1552-1600)
    • Firearms
      • Strange firearms
      • Saint Borbála and the cannons
      • Pistols, 16th century
      • Pistols, 17th century (Vienna)
      • Bayonets in the Hungarian fights
      • Ottoman quiver, bows, and arrows
    • War hammers, maces, and battle axes
  • Maps and Regions
    • The First Military Survey of Hungary (1780-84)
    • Map 1750
    • Szepesség
    • The Borderland
    • Transylvanian Principality: a vassal state of the Turks?
    • Fortified Churches in Transylvania
    • Subcarpathia / Kárpátalja
  • Dramatized historical writings
    • The Little Rooster’s Diamond Halfpenny
    • Interview with Count Zrínyi Miklós
    • Interview with Cardinal Pázmány Péter
    • Interview with Lord Báthory István
    • Suleiman learns the plot of Queen Isabella
    • Lord Balassa’s victory at Szalka (1544)
    • Interview with Captain Thury György, 1561
    • The Siege of Drégely Castle (1552)
    • The Battle of Palást, 1552
    • The Gypsy warriors of Nagyida Castle (1556)
    • The White Geese of Léva Castle (1664)
    • The Duel at Korpona’s Haversack Castle (1588)
    • The Battle of Szikszó (08 October 1588)
    • Mikszáth Kálmán: Hunyák Pál
    • The Heavenly Advocate By Kosztolányi Dezső (1920)
  • Masterpieces of Art
    • Chalices, goblets between the 15th and the 17th century
    • A few pieces of ornamented items and jewellery
    • Ceramics from the 15-17th centuries
    • The Renaissance bronze candlesticks in Hagia Sophia
    • Hungarian Medieval Saddles
    • Hidden treasure found at Likava Castle
    • The destruction of King Saint László’s statue
    • Toy Knights of King Louis II
    • Drinking vessels, 16th-17th century
    • Renaissance Tiles
    • Prince Bethlen’s gift to King Gustav Adolphus 
  • Reenacting History
    • Reenactor clubs
      • The Nádasdy Ferenc Banderium in Sárvár
      • The Matthias Rex Association / Mathias Rex Történelmi Hagyományőrző Egyesület
    • HEMA
      • Interview with Schunder László
    • Clothes and attire
      • Skirt and attached bodice, 17th century
      • The embroidery of Hungarian Lady dresses
      • Mente and Dolman: Hungarian attire
      • Corolla
  • Chronologies
    • General Chronology of Hungarian-Ottoman wars between 1552 and 1699
    • General chronologies 1366-1552
    • A very short summary of Hungarian-Ottoman wars
  • The Fifteen-Year-War Series (1591-1606)
    • The War of Pasha Sinan until 1596
      • The Long War – Part One / the new Borderland
      • The Long War, Part Two / the radius of the war
      • The Long War, Part Three / how it broke out
      • The Long War, Part Four / the military targets
      • The Long War, Part Five / October-November 1593
      • The Long War, Part Six / November-December 1593
      • The Long War, Part Seven / the Battle of Tura, 1594
      • The Long War, Part Eight / Summer 1594, the death of Balassi
      • The Long War, Part Nine / August-October 1594, the sieges of Győr and Komárom
      • The Long War, Part Ten / 1594, Transylvania breaks up with the Sublime Port
      • The Long War, Part 11 / the first clashes in 1595
      • The Long War, Part 12 / the second siege of Esztergom
      • The Long War, Part 13 / Upper Lands, and Transylvania 1595
      • The Long War, Part 14 / Spring-summer, 1596
    • 1596-1600
      • The Long War, Part 15 / 1596: the Fall of Eger
      • The Long War, Part 16 / 1596, The Battle of Mezőkeresztes
      • The long War, Part 17 / the retaking of Tata castle with a “petard”
      • The Long War, Part 18 / Taking Pápa Castle, losing Tata, and the siege of Győr
      • The Long War, Part 19 / the Battle of Vác-Verőce, November 1597
      • The Long War, Part 20 / the retaking of Győr castle, 1598
      • The Long War, Part 21 / the sieges of Buda and Várad castles, 1598
      • The Long War, Part 22; a great Hajdú victory in 1599
      • The Long War, Part 23 / Christian ambushes, 1599
      • The Long War, Part 24/ Troubles in Transylvania, 1596-1599
      • The Long War, Part 25/ The Battle of Miriszló, 1600
      • The Long War, Part 26/ The siege of Kanizsa Castle, 1600
      • The Long War, Part 27/The mutiny of Walloon mercenaries in Pápa castle, 1600
    • 1601-1606
      • The Long War, Part 28 / Battles around Fehérvár, 1601
      • The Long War, Part 29 / 1601, the unsuccessful siege of Kanizsa Castle
      • The Long War, Part 30 / the fall of Székesfehérvár castle in 1602
      • The Long War, Part 31; 1602: Basta’s victory in Transylvania and the Siege of Buda
      • The Long War, Part 32; military actions in the first part of 1603
      • The Long War, Part 33; the third siege of Buda, 1603
      • The Long War, Part 34 / The Siege of Esztergom, 1604
      • The Long War, Part 35; Internal war in Transylvania 1600-1604
      • The Long War, Part 36 / The Bocskai Uprising, 1604
      • The Long War, Part 37 / The heydays of Bocskai, 1605
      • The Long War, Part 38; 1606 – The creation of a Double Treaty of Peace
      • The Long War, Part 39 / Conclusion
  • Videos
    • The Siege of Nándorfehérvár / Belgrade, 1456
    • Visegrád, royal palace
    • The Battle of Mohács, 1526
    • The Battle of Zenta, 1697
    • The Ottoman conquest in Europe
    • The reconquest wars of Hungary
  • Sources and recommended readings
    • Review: Lord of the Eyrie (by Katerina Dunne)
    • Review: “As Only True Men Can: Nikola Zrinski’s Last Stand at Sziget”
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